GDP, output and expenditures; changes, Quarterly National Accounts
Explanation of symbols
Dataset is not available.
This table provides quarterly and annual data on production, expenditures, income and external economic transactions of The Netherlands.
Data available from 1995.
Status of the figures:
Annual data of the period 1995-2021 are final. Quarterly data of 2021, 2022 and 2023 are provisional.
Changes as of March 25th 2024:
Data of the final estimate on the fourth quarter of 2023 and year 2023 have been added to this table.
When will new figures be published?
The preliminary estimate (flash estimate) of a quarter is released within 45 days. The second estimate is published after 85 days. At the second estimate of the fourth quarter, data of the previous three quarters will also be revised. If (new) annual figures become available in June, the quarterly figures will be revised again to bring them in line with the annual figures. Please note that there is a possibility that adjustments might take place at the end of March or September, in order to provide the European Commission with the latest figures.
Description topics
- Production approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called production approach. In this approach GDP equals the sum of value added over all branches (including non-commercial ones). Value added is thereby registered at basic prices. GDP at market prices is obtained by adding taxes less subsidies on production and the difference between imputed and paid VAT. The included taxes and subsidies apply both to produced and imported goods and services. Examples of these are VAT and taxes on import.
- Value added basic prices
- The value of all goods and services produced (production value or output), minus those that have been intermediately used upon production (intermediate consumption). Value added is rated at basic prices: purchaser's prices minus trade and transport margins and taxes on products paid and plus subsidies on products received. Intermediate consumption is rated at purchaser's prices minus non-deductible VAT.
Included is the output by all kind-of-activity units residing in the Netherlands, also those that are held by foreign owners.
Net value added can be obtained by deducting consumption of fixed capital from gross value added.- A-F Agriculture and industry
- This category is made up of the categories:
A Agriculture, forestry and fishing
B Mining and quarrying
C Manufacturing
D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F Construction- B-E Industry (no construction), energy
- This category is made up of the categories:
B Mining and quarrying
C Manufacturing
D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities- C Manufacturing
- Manufacturing
- Total
- 10-12 Manufacture of food and beverages
- Manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco
This category is made up of the categories:
10 Manufacture of food products
11 Manufacture of beverages
12 Manufacture of tobacco products
- 13-15 Man. of textile-, leather products
- Manufacture of textiles and textile products and of leather and leather products
This category is made up of the categories:
13 Manufacture of textiles
14 Manufacture of wearing apparel
15 Manufacture of leather, products of leather and footwear
- 16-18 Man. wood en paperprod., printing
- Manufacturing of wood and paper and of products of wood and paper; printing
This category is made up of the categories:
16 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials
17 Manufacture of paper and paper products
18 Printing and reproduction of recorded media
- 19 Manufacture of coke and petroleum
- Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
- 20-21 Chemistry and pharmaceuticals
- Manufacture of chemicals and pharmaceuticals
This category is made up of the categories:
20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
21 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations
- 22-23 Man. plastics and constructionprod
- Manufacture of rubber and plastic products and of construction products
This category is made up of the categories:
22 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
23 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
- 24-25 Man. of basic metals and -products
- Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products
This category is made up of the categories:
24 Manufacture of basic metals
25 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
- 26-27 Electrical and electron. industry
- Manufacture of computers, electronic, optical and electrical products
This category is made up of the categories:
26 Manufacture of computers, electronic and optical products
27 Manufacture of electrical equipment
- 28 Manufacture of machinery n.e.c.
- Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.
- 29-30 Transport equipment
- Manufacture of transport equipment
This category is made up of the categories:
29 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
30 Manufacture of other transport equipment
- 31-33 Other manufacturing and repair
- Manufacture of furniture and other products; repair and installation of machinery and equipment
This category is made up of the categories:
31 Manufacture of furniture
32 Manufacture of other products (rest)
33 Repair and installation of machinery and equipment
- G-N Commercial services
- Commercial services
This category is made up of the categories:
G Wholesale and retail trade
H Transportation and storage
I Accommodation and food serving
J Information and communication
K Financial institutions
L Renting and buying and selling of real estate
M Consultancy, research and other specialized business services
N Renting and leasing of tangible goods and other business support services- M-N Business services
- Business services
This category is made up of the categories:
M Consultancy, research and other specialized business services
N Renting and leasing of tangible goods and other business support services- N Renting and other business support
- Renting and leasing of tangible goods and other business support services
- Total
- 77 Renting and leasing of tangible goods
- 77 Renting and leasing of motor vehicles, consumer goods, machines and
other tangible goods
- 78 Employment activities
- 78 Employment placement, provision of temporary employment and payrolling
- 79 Travel agencies, tour operators etc
- 79 Travel agencies, tour operators, tourist information and reservation
- 80-82 Security and other services
- This category is made up of the categories:
80 Security and investigation
81 Facility management
82 Other business services
- O-U Non-commercial services
- Non-commercial services
This category is made up of the categories:
O Public administration, public services and compulsory social security
P Education
Q Health and social work activities
R Culture, sports and recreation
S Other service activities
T Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and service- producing activities of households for own use
U Extraterritorial organizations- O-Q Government and care
- Government and care
This category is made up of the categories:
O Public administration, public services and compulsory social security
P Education
Q Health and social work activities- Q Health and social work activities
- Human health and social work activities
- National net lending or net borrowing
- The calculation of the national net lending or net borrowing starting with gross domestic product (GDP). The national financing balance (net lending or net borrowing) is the balance of resources and expenditure on the current account and the capital account of the joint domestic sectors. In the financial account the balance gives the amount new loans are entered into with financial assets abroad and/or are sold (at a deficit) or for any amount to be repaid debts abroad and/or financial assets are purchased (at a surplus). In theory net lending or borrowing equals the change in assets less liabilities. In practice a statistical difference between the two remains.
- Surplus on current transactions approach
- The net lending (if positive) or borrowing (if negative) of the total economy to / from the rest of the world on current transactions (trade, primary income, current transfers). The surplus of the nation on current transactions is the last item in the use of income account to the rest of the world and consists of: net exports, net primary income from the rest of the world and net current transfers from the rest of the world. The surplus of the nation on current transactions equals the net national savings less the net fixed capital formation.
- Net exports of goods
- Net exports is the difference between the value of the exports of goods and the value of the imports of goods.
- Net exports of services
- Net exports of services is the difference between the value of the exports of services and the value of the imports of services.
- Net primary income from rest of world
- Received primary incomes from the rest of the world less provided primary incomes to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than one year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it has become active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.
- Net current transfers from rest of world
- The difference between current transfers received from the rest of the world and provided to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it is active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she has moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.
- Adjustm. change in pension entitlements
- Adjustment for net equity in pension funds reserves (surplus of the nation). Generally speaking the adjustment is made to pass changes in pension funds reserves through to household savings. The adjustment equals contributions to pension schemes less pension benefits. To estimate national savings only cross-border adjustments are relevant. The adjustments are also made for reserves of non-resident households who are customers of Dutch insurance companies. Reverse adjustments are necessary for these companies.
- Surplus of nation on current transaction
- The net lending (if positive) or borrowing (if negative) of the total economy to / from the rest of the world on current transactions (trade, primary income, current transfers). The surplus of the nation on current transactions is the last item in the use of income account to the rest of the world and consists of: net exports, net primary income from the rest of the world and net current transfers from the rest of the world. The surplus of the nation on current transactions equals the net national savings less the net fixed capital formation.
- Additional details
- The additional details of some variables in the previous parts of this table are being given in this section.
- Final consumption expenditure
- Expenditure on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual or collective needs. Expenses may be made at home or abroad, but they are always made by resident institutional units, that is households or institutions residing in the Netherlands. By definition only households, non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) and government institutions consume. Enterprises do not: expenses they make on goods and services are thought to serve production and are therefore classified as intermediate consumption of fixed capital formation. The general government is a special case. The government also has intermediate consumption, just like enterprises. But the output delivered by the government which is not directly paid for, non-market output (like safety), is classified as consumption by the general government. It is said that the government 'consumes its own production'. The system of national accounts demands that all that is produced is also consumed (or serves as an investment). By convention, government output is consumed by the government itself. This is not the only consumption by the general government. It also contains social transfers in kind. In the Netherlands this mainly concerns health care bills paid for by the government and an allowance for the rent.
- Acquisition classification
- This classification focuses on the acquisition of consumption goods and services. The total final consumption is divided to groups which have acquired the consumption goods and services: individuals or the collective.
- Actual individual consumption
- Goods and services for individual consumption ('individual goods and services') are goods and services acquired by a household and used to satisfy the needs and wants of members of that household. Individual goods and services have the following characteristics:
- it is possible to observe and record the acquisition of the goods and services by an individual household or member thereof and also the time at which the acquisition took place;
- the household has agreed to the provision of the goods and services and takes the action necessary to consume the goods and services, for example by attending a school or clinic;
- the goods and services are such that their acquisition by one household or person, or by a group of persons, precludes its acquisition by other households or persons.
- Actual collective final consumption
- Collective services are services for collective consumption that are provided simultaneously to all members of the community or all members of a particular section of the community, such as all households living in a particular region. Collective services have the following characteristics:
- they can be delivered simultaneously to every member of the community or to particular sections of the community, such as those in a particular region or locality;
- the use of such services is usually passive and does not require the agreement or active participation of all the individuals concerned;
- the provision of a collective service to one individual does not reduce the amount available to other in the same community or section of the community.
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.
The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.- By economic activity of destination
- Gross fixed capital formation by economic activity of destination
- Total gross fixed capital formation
- Sales of used fixed assets (-)
- Sales of used fixed assets
- Exports by groups of products
- Exports by groups of products in according to standard products classification CPA 2008.
- Other manufactured products i.e.
- Other manufactured products i.e.
- Imports by groups of products
- Imports by groups of products in according to standard products classification CPA 2008.
- Other manufactured products i.e.
- Other manufactured products i.e.