GDP, output and expenditures; changes, Quarterly National Accounts
Explanation of symbols
Dataset is not available.
This table provides quarterly and annual data on production, expenditures, income and external economic transactions of The Netherlands.
Data available from 1995.
Status of the figures:
Annual data of the period 1995-2021 are final. Quarterly data of 2021, 2022 and 2023 are provisional.
Changes as of March 25th 2024:
Data of the final estimate on the fourth quarter of 2023 and year 2023 have been added to this table.
When will new figures be published?
The preliminary estimate (flash estimate) of a quarter is released within 45 days. The second estimate is published after 85 days. At the second estimate of the fourth quarter, data of the previous three quarters will also be revised. If (new) annual figures become available in June, the quarterly figures will be revised again to bring them in line with the annual figures. Please note that there is a possibility that adjustments might take place at the end of March or September, in order to provide the European Commission with the latest figures.
Description topics
- Expenditure approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called expenditure approach. In this approach the components are consumption by households, consumption by the general government, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports, minus imports. Changes in inventories are included for consistency with the production approach. From the 2010 edition of the European System of Accounts onwards these changes are added to fixed capital formation. Consumption, fixed capital formation and changes in inventories add up to the so-called national final expenditure. By adding exports final expenditure is obtained. Intermediate consumption, goods and services used upon production, is not part of final expenditure.
- Disposable for final expenditure
- The total amount of domestic generated goods and services (GDP) and the imported goods and services are adding up to the disposable for final expenditure. This variable is by definition equal to the total final expenditure, which is the sum of the National final expenditure and the exports of goods and services.
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year's Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- Production approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called production approach. In this approach GDP equals the sum of value added over all branches (including non-commercial ones). Value added is thereby registered at basic prices. GDP at market prices is obtained by adding taxes less subsidies on production and the difference between imputed and paid VAT. The included taxes and subsidies apply both to produced and imported goods and services. Examples of these are VAT and taxes on import.
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year's Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- Income approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called income approach. In this approach the components are the incomes generated from production activities: compensation of employees and operating surplus / mixed income. To remain consistent with GDP at market prices, taxes less subsidies on production and imports (not necessarily product-related) are added.
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year's Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- National net lending or net borrowing
- The calculation of the national net lending or net borrowing starting with gross domestic product (GDP). The national financing balance (net lending or net borrowing) is the balance of resources and expenditure on the current account and the capital account of the joint domestic sectors. In the financial account the balance gives the amount new loans are entered into with financial assets abroad and/or are sold (at a deficit) or for any amount to be repaid debts abroad and/or financial assets are purchased (at a surplus). In theory net lending or borrowing equals the change in assets less liabilities. In practice a statistical difference between the two remains.
- Surplus of the nation on income approach
- The approach of net lending or net borrowing through the surplus of national income.
- Net primary income from rest of world
- Received primary incomes from the rest of the world less provided primary incomes to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than one year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it has become active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.- Net primary income from rest of world
- Primary income from rest of world
- Compensation of employees, property income and (EU) subsidies received from the rest of the world.
- Primary income paid to rest of world
- Compensation of employees, property income and (EU) subsidies paid to the rest of the world.
- Net current transfers from rest of world
- The difference between current transfers received from the rest of the world and provided to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it is active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she has moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.- Net current transfers from rest of world
- Current transfers from rest of world
- Current transfers received from the rest of the world: taxes on income and wealth, social security benefits and other current transfers.
- Current transfers paid to rest of world
- Taxes on income and wealth, social premiums, social benefits in cash and other current transfers paid to the rest of the world.
- Surplus on current transactions approach
- The net lending (if positive) or borrowing (if negative) of the total economy to / from the rest of the world on current transactions (trade, primary income, current transfers). The surplus of the nation on current transactions is the last item in the use of income account to the rest of the world and consists of: net exports, net primary income from the rest of the world and net current transfers from the rest of the world. The surplus of the nation on current transactions equals the net national savings less the net fixed capital formation.
- Net primary income from rest of world
- Received primary incomes from the rest of the world less provided primary incomes to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than one year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it has become active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.
- Net current transfers from rest of world
- The difference between current transfers received from the rest of the world and provided to the rest of the world.
When a residing enterprise has been active abroad for more than year, the local kind-of-activity unit is no longer considered a resident in the Netherlands but a resident in the country in which it is active. Vice versa, a kind-of-activity unit of foreign origin is no longer seen as a non-resident after it has been active in the Netherlands for more than one year. Resident persons who settle abroad are no longer seen as residents in the Netherlands but as residents in the country they moved to one year after they have left. Vice versa a foreigner who has settled in the Netherlands becomes a resident one year after he or she has moved in. Students are an exception to this rule. They are always considered residents in the country they lived in before commencing their study.
- Net capital transfers from rest of world
- The difference between capital transfers received from the rest of the world and provided to the rest of the world. Capital transfers require the acquisition or disposal of an asset, or assets, by at least one of the parties to the transaction. Whether made in cash or in kind, they result in a commensurate change in the financial, or non- financial, assets shown in the balance sheets of one or both parties to the transaction. Capital transfers include investment grants, capital taxes, other capital transfers and imputed capital transfers.
- Net capital transfers from rest of world
- Net capital transfers from rest of world
- Capital transfers received from the rest of the world.
- Capital transfers paid to rest of world
- Capital transfers paid to the rest of the world.
- Additional details
- The additional details of some variables in the previous parts of this table are being given in this section.
- Final consumption expenditure
- Expenditure on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual or collective needs. Expenses may be made at home or abroad, but they are always made by resident institutional units, that is households or institutions residing in the Netherlands. By definition only households, non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) and government institutions consume. Enterprises do not: expenses they make on goods and services are thought to serve production and are therefore classified as intermediate consumption of fixed capital formation. The general government is a special case. The government also has intermediate consumption, just like enterprises. But the output delivered by the government which is not directly paid for, non-market output (like safety), is classified as consumption by the general government. It is said that the government 'consumes its own production'. The system of national accounts demands that all that is produced is also consumed (or serves as an investment). By convention, government output is consumed by the government itself. This is not the only consumption by the general government. It also contains social transfers in kind. In the Netherlands this mainly concerns health care bills paid for by the government and an allowance for the rent.
- Expenditure classification
- This classification focuses on the expenses for consumption goods and services. The total final consumptions is divided to sectors which actually financed the consumption expenditures.
- Households including NPISHs
- Consumption expenditure by households and non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs). Not all expenses made by households are seen as consumptive, households may invest as well. These investments mainly concern the purchase of houses and substantial costs on maintenance. Small costs on maintenance, indoor painting and the purchase of furniture is classified as consumption. This also applies to the purchase of cars and car maintenance.
- Consumption of goods
- Consumption of goods by households and NPI households.
- Durable consumer goods
- Durable consumer goods
- Home furnishing and home decoration
- Home furnishing and home decoration
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.
The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.- By type of fixed assets
- Gross fixed capital formation by type of capital goods
- Fixed assets from production and imports
- Fixed assets from production and imports.
- Total
- Dwellings
- Buildings that are used entirely or primarily as residences, including any associated structures, such as garages, and all permanent fixtures customarily installed in residences. Houseboats, barges, mobile homes and caravans used as principal residences of households are also included, as are public monuments identified primarily as dwellings. Costs of site clearance and preparation are also included. Examples include residential buildings, such as one- and two-dwelling buildings and other residential buildings intended for non-transient occupancy. Uncompleted dwellings are included to the extent that the ultimate user is deemed to have taken ownership, either because the construction is on own- account or as evidenced by the existence of a contract of sale/purchase. Dwellings acquired for military personnel are included because they are used, as are dwellings acquired by civilian units, for the production of housing services. The value of dwellings is net of the value of land underlying dwellings, which is included in land if separately classified.
- Transport equipment
- Equipment for moving people and objects. For examples motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, and other transport equipment.
- Other machinery and equipment
- Other machinery and equipment including weapon systems.
- Cultivated biological resources
- Livestock for breeding, dairy, draught, etc. and vineyards, orchards and other plantations of trees yielding repeat products that are under the direct control, responsibility and management of institutional units, as defined below. Immature cultivated assets are excluded unless produced for own use.
- By economic activity of destination
- Gross fixed capital formation by economic activity of destination
- Fixed assets from production and imports
- Fixed assets from production and imports.
- Total
- A Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- B-F Industry and energy
- This category is made up of the categories:
B Mining and quarrying
C Manufacturing
D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F Construction
- G-N Commercial services
- This category is made up of the categories:
G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
H Transportation and storage
I Accommodation and food service activities
J Information and communication
K Financial institutions
L Renting, buying and selling of real estate
M Consultancy, research and other specialized business services
N Renting and leasing of tangible goods and other business support
services
- O-U Noncommercial services
- This category is made up of the categories:
O Public administration, public services and compulsory social security
P Education
Q Human health and social work activities
R Culture, sports and recreation
S Other service activities
T Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
service- producing activities of households for own use
U Extraterritorial organizations and bodies
- Exports by groups of products
- Exports by groups of products in according to standard products classification CPA 2008.
- Exports of goods
- Transactions in goods (sales, barter and gifts) from residents (in the Netherlands) to non-residents. Exports of goods occurs when economic ownership of goods is passed from residents to non-residents. This applies irrespective of corresponding physical movements of goods across frontiers. An enterprise or institution is considered residential after it has been active in the Netherlands for at least one year. This applies irrespective of the question whether the enterprise or institute has foreign owners. Part of the exports of goods are re-exports: goods that were imported before being exported, after having received at most minor adaptations.
- Exports of goods from production
- Exports of goods from production