Trade and services; turnover and production changes, index 2021=100
| Branches | Periods | Turnover Value Indices Uncorrected production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Value Indices Calendar adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Value Indices Seasonally adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Value Development compared to a year earlier Uncorrected production/turnover (%) | Turnover Value Development compared to a year earlier Calendar adjusted production/turnover (%) | Turnover Value Development compared to previous period Uncorrected production/turnover (%) | Turnover Value Development compared to previous period Seasonally adjusted production/turnover (%) | Turnover Volume Indices Uncorrected production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Volume Indices Calendar adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Volume Indices Seasonally adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Turnover Volume Development compared to a year earlier Uncorrected production/turnover (%) | Turnover Volume Development compared to a year earlier Calendar adjusted production/turnover (%) | Turnover Volume Development compared to previous period Uncorrected production/turnover (%) | Turnover Volume Development compared to previous period Seasonally adjusted production/turnover (%) | Production Indices Uncorrected production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Production Indices Calendar adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Production Indices Seasonally adjusted production/turnover (2021 = 100) | Production Development compared to a year earlier Uncorrected production/turnover (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G Wholesale and retail trade | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 45 Sale and repair of motor vehicles | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 451 Sale and repair of motor vehicles | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 45111 Import of new passenger cars | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 45112 Sale of passenger cars, no import | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 4519 Sale and repair of trucks, trailers | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 452 Specialised repair of motor vehicles | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 453 Sale of motor vehicle parts. | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 454 Sale and repair of motorcycles | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 46 Wholesale trade (no motor vehicles) | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 462 Wholesale of agricultural products | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 463 Wholesale of food and beverages | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 464 Wholesale of consumergoods | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 465 Wholesale of ICT-equipment | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 466 Wholesale of other machinery | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 467 Other specialised wholesale | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 47 Retail trade (not in motor vehicles) | 2024 3rd quarter* | 113.1 | 113.2 | 116.7 | 2.5 | 2.8 | -4.2 | 1.1 | 98.2 | 98.3 | 100.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | -3.6 | 0.4 | . | . | . | . |
| 471 Non-specialised retail sales. | 2024 3rd quarter* | 112.2 | 112.4 | 114.7 | -2.2 | -1.6 | -4.5 | -0.5 | 89.8 | 90.0 | 91.7 | -4.7 | -4.1 | -5.4 | -1.9 | . | . | . | . |
| 4711 Supermarkets and similar stores | 2024 3rd quarter* | 108.7 | 108.9 | 110.7 | -3.2 | -2.6 | -4.9 | -0.9 | 85.5 | 85.6 | 87.3 | -6.4 | -5.8 | -6.5 | -2.5 | . | . | . | . |
| 472 Specialised shops selling food | 2024 3rd quarter* | 109.7 | 109.9 | 113.3 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 88.6 | 88.8 | 91.8 | 2.6 | 3.1 | -1.6 | 1.2 | . | . | . | . |
| 474 Shops selling consumer electronics | 2024 3rd quarter* | 105.6 | 105.6 | 108.9 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 6.1 | -0.1 | 99.1 | 99.1 | 102.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.7 | -0.4 | . | . | . | . |
| 475 Shops for other household equipment | 2024 3rd quarter* | 100.5 | 100.8 | 105.7 | -1.4 | -1.0 | -7.0 | 1.6 | 91.1 | 91.3 | 95.5 | 3.3 | 3.7 | -6.3 | 1.6 | . | . | . | . |
| Shops for furniture, home furnishings | 2024 3rd quarter* | 96.9 | 97.2 | 101.3 | -6.7 | -6.1 | -4.2 | 0.0 | 88.2 | 88.5 | 92.1 | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2.9 | 0.7 | . | . | . | . |
| 4752 Shops for do-it-yourself articles | 2024 3rd quarter* | 104.8 | 105.0 | 110.0 | 4.3 | 4.4 | -9.1 | 3.3 | 94.7 | 94.8 | 98.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | -8.7 | 2.7 | . | . | . | . |
| 47528 Builder's merchants | 2024 3rd quarter* | 114.3 | 114.3 | 116.4 | 2.9 | 2.9 | -9.4 | 1.7 | 103.3 | 103.3 | 104.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | -8.9 | 1.2 | . | . | . | . |
| 4759 Shops for other household articles | 2024 3rd quarter* | 96.3 | 96.6 | 101.2 | -7.4 | -6.8 | -3.9 | -0.1 | 87.8 | 88.1 | 92.2 | -0.3 | 0.3 | -2.7 | 0.5 | . | . | . | . |
| 476 Shops selling recreation goods | 2024 3rd quarter* | 123.3 | 123.4 | 116.4 | 1.4 | 1.6 | -2.9 | 0.9 | 111.1 | 111.2 | 105.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | -4.1 | -0.7 | . | . | . | . |
| 477 Shops selling other goods | 2024 3rd quarter* | 120.4 | 120.5 | 126.0 | 3.9 | 4.0 | -6.2 | 2.0 | 108.9 | 108.9 | 110.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | -3.2 | 1.5 | . | . | . | . |
| 4771 Shops selling clothing | 2024 3rd quarter* | 129.2 | 129.2 | 136.4 | 5.0 | 5.0 | -8.2 | 2.4 | 122.2 | 122.2 | 121.0 | 4.8 | 4.8 | -0.4 | 2.3 | . | . | . | . |
| 4772 Shops for footwear, leather goods | 2024 3rd quarter* | 128.3 | 128.3 | 129.7 | 9.3 | 9.3 | -6.9 | 3.1 | 121.4 | 121.4 | 119.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | -1.5 | 5.2 | . | . | . | . |
| 47741 Drugstores | 2024 3rd quarter* | 123.6 | 123.9 | 126.3 | 8.0 | 8.6 | -0.7 | 2.6 | 107.5 | 107.8 | 109.8 | 6.1 | 6.8 | -0.3 | 2.3 | . | . | . | . |
| 479 Retail sale not via store or market | 2024 3rd quarter* | 109.6 | 109.5 | 116.4 | 10.7 | 10.2 | -1.3 | 3.6 | 103.9 | 103.8 | 108.9 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 0.3 | 3.5 | . | . | . | . |
| 4791 Retail sale via internet | 2024 3rd quarter* | 109.5 | 109.4 | 116.5 | 10.7 | 10.2 | -1.3 | 3.4 | 104.4 | 104.3 | 109.4 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 0.4 | 3.4 | . | . | . | . |
| H Transportation and storage | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 49 Land transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 491-492 Rail transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 493 Passenger transport by road | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 4932 Taxi operation | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 4939 Other passenger transport by road | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 494 Freight transport by road | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 4941 Freight road transport, no removals | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 4942 Removal services | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 50 Water transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 501-502 Sea water transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 503-504 Inland water transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 51 Air transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 52 Warehousing, services for transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 521 Warehousing and storage | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 522 Services activities for transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5221 Services for land transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5222 Services for water transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5223 Services for air transport | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5224 Cargo handling | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5229 Agents for transport and weighing | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 53 Postal and courier activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| I Accommodation and food serving | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| Hotels, restaurants and bars | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 55 Accommodation | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 551 Hotels and similar accommodation | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 56 Food and beverage service activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 561 Restaurants | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 56101 Restaurants | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 56102 Fastfood, ice-cream parlours | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 562 Canteens and catering | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 563 Bars | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| J Information and communication | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 58 Publishing | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 59 Film, TV and music production etc | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 5914 Cinemas | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 60 Programming and broadcasting | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 61 Telecommunications | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 62 Support activities in the field of IT | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 63 Information service activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 631 Data processing, hosting, portals | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| L Renting, buying, selling real estate | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 68 Renting, buying, selling real estate | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| M-N Business services | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 69 Legal services, administration etc. | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 691 Legal activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 692 Accounting, administration etc. | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 702 Management and business consultancy | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 71 Architects, technical services etc. | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 7111 Architects | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 7112 Engineers and technical consultancy | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 712 Technical testing and analysis | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 73 Advertising and market research | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 731 Advertising | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 732 Market research and opinion polling | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 74 Other specialised business services | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| N Renting and other business support | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 77 Renting and leasing of tangible goods | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 78 Employment activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 79 Travel agencies, tour operators etc | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 80 Security and investigation | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 81 Cleaning activities, gardening etc. | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 811 Facility management | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 812 Cleaning activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 8121 General cleaning of buildings | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 813 Landscape service activities | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| 82 Other business services | 2024 3rd quarter* | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
| Source: CBS. | |||||||||||||||||||
Table explanation
This table presents figures on turnover and production changes in Trade and Services sector. The figures can be broken down by industry according to Statistics Netherlands' Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities 2008 (SIC 2008). The change is shown both as a percentage change compared to a previous period and through index figures with 2021 as base year.
Turnover and production changes are published in two forms. Firstly, as year-on-year changes where the growth is expressed relative to the same period in the previous year. These figures are presented unadjusted and calendar-adjusted. The second form represents period-on-period changes: month-on-month and quarter-on-quarter. Period-on-period changes are possible by applying seasonal adjustment.
Currently, this table exclusively comprises seasonally- and calendar adjusted data pertaining to monthly records for the retail sector. For other sectors, the unadjusted monthly series only extend back to January 2021, complicating the process of conducting adjustments. The lack of sufficient historical data makes it challenging to identify consistent patterns and trends, which is crucial for accurate adjustments. Some data may not be representative of all seasonal influences occurring over a longer period, potentially leading to less reliable or even incorrect adjustments. As the unadjusted monthly series lengthens, more reliable adjustments can be made. Therefore, in the spring of 2025, the table will be expanded to include seasonally- and calendar adjusted records for other sectors, retroactively from January 2021.
Data available from: January 2000 for branches within SIC division 47 and first quarter of 2005 for all other branches.
Status of figures:
Figures for 2024 are provisional, other figures are final.
The figures of a calendar year become final no later than six months after the end of that calendar year. Due to delayed response, provisional figures may still change.
Changes as of November 1, 2024:
Figures of industries belonging to NACE sections G, H, I, J, L, M, N and S have been added. These are figures for the period September far as retail trade is concerned and August for other industries.
Figures of the third quarter of 2024 may have been adjusted.
To keep the results of these index series in line with current events, a so-called base year change is carried out once every five years. In 2024, the publication of this table switched from reference year 2015 to 2021 (2021=100) and the weighting factors were updated and based on the year 2021.
This table combines data from 9 separate former tables. Which tables this concerns can be found later in this table explanation under "3. Links to relevant tables and articles".
When are new figures released?
For monthly business statistics, figures are published as a rule 2 months after the end of the reporting month, figures for the retail trade sector and imports of new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles are published 1 month after the end of the reporting month. After publication of final results, Statistics Netherlands adjusts the figures only if major adjustments and/or corrections are necessary.
Description topics
- Turnover
- Turnover is the revenue from sales of goods and services to third parties, excluding VAT. Turnover includes revenue from both main and secondary activities. Third parties are consumers and companies outside the (Dutch part of the) own corporate group.
- Value
- The change of cash income from sales.
- Indices
- An index represents the ratio between the value of a given variable (e.g. turnover) in a given period and the value of the same variable in the base period. The base period refers to the year 2021 and has the index value 100.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Calendar adjusted production/turnover
- Each period in a series contains a different number of working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays. By adjusting for these differences in composition, outcomes become more comparable over time. Consequently, a different composition of calendar days does not affect year-on-year developments. As a result, the trend in developments becomes purer
- Seasonally adjusted production/turnover
- By adjusting the series for annually recurring patterns, the outcomes become more comparable to the previous months. As a result, observable seasonal effects do not impact month-on-month developments, allowing shifts in revenue growth or decline to be detected more quickly than without seasonal adjustment.
Within Statistics Netherlands, seasonal adjustment entails adjustment for both seasonal effects and calendar effects, such as working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays.
- Development compared to a year earlier
- The percentage change in a period (month, quarter, year) compared with the same period in the previous year. CBS calculates the percentage change on the basis of unrounded index figures.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Calendar adjusted production/turnover
- Each period in a series contains a different number of working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays. By adjusting for these differences in composition, outcomes become more comparable over time. Consequently, a different composition of calendar days does not affect year-on-year developments. As a result, the trend in developments becomes purer
- Development compared to previous period
- The percentage change in a period (month, quarter, year) compared with the previous period (month, quarter, year). CBS calculates the percentage change on the basis of unrounded index figures.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Seasonally adjusted production/turnover
- By adjusting the series for annually recurring patterns, the outcomes become more comparable to the previous months. As a result, observable seasonal effects do not impact month-on-month developments, allowing shifts in revenue growth or decline to be detected more quickly than without seasonal adjustment.
Within Statistics Netherlands, seasonal adjustment entails adjustment for both seasonal effects and calendar effects, such as working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays.
- Volume
- The change of the quantity of goods and services sold. Volume is not observed but calculated. Statistics Netherlands calculates the volume of goods and services sold in a given period by dividing the value of sales by its price.
- Indices
- An index represents the ratio between the value of a given variable (e.g. turnover) in a given period and the value of the same variable in the base period. The base period refers to the year 2021 and has the index value 100.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Calendar adjusted production/turnover
- Each period in a series contains a different number of working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays. By adjusting for these differences in composition, outcomes become more comparable over time. Consequently, a different composition of calendar days does not affect year-on-year developments. As a result, the trend in developments becomes purer
- Seasonally adjusted production/turnover
- By adjusting the series for annually recurring patterns, the outcomes become more comparable to the previous months. As a result, observable seasonal effects do not impact month-on-month developments, allowing shifts in revenue growth or decline to be detected more quickly than without seasonal adjustment.
Within Statistics Netherlands, seasonal adjustment entails adjustment for both seasonal effects and calendar effects, such as working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays.
- Development compared to a year earlier
- The percentage change in a period (month, quarter, year) compared with the same period in the previous year. CBS calculates the percentage change on the basis of unrounded index figures.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Calendar adjusted production/turnover
- Each period in a series contains a different number of working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays. By adjusting for these differences in composition, outcomes become more comparable over time. Consequently, a different composition of calendar days does not affect year-on-year developments. As a result, the trend in developments becomes purer
- Development compared to previous period
- The percentage change in a period (month, quarter, year) compared with the previous period (month, quarter, year). CBS calculates the percentage change on the basis of unrounded index figures.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Seasonally adjusted production/turnover
- By adjusting the series for annually recurring patterns, the outcomes become more comparable to the previous months. As a result, observable seasonal effects do not impact month-on-month developments, allowing shifts in revenue growth or decline to be detected more quickly than without seasonal adjustment.
Within Statistics Netherlands, seasonal adjustment entails adjustment for both seasonal effects and calendar effects, such as working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays.
- Production
- Production can be seen as the volume change of value added. Value added is the difference between production value and consumption value. The consumption value is the total of all raw and auxiliary materials, semi-finished products, energy costs and services incorporated in production.
- Indices
- An index represents the ratio between the value of a given variable (e.g. turnover) in a given period and the value of the same variable in the base period. The base period refers to the year 2021 and has the index value 100.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.
- Calendar adjusted production/turnover
- Each period in a series contains a different number of working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays. By adjusting for these differences in composition, outcomes become more comparable over time. Consequently, a different composition of calendar days does not affect year-on-year developments. As a result, the trend in developments becomes purer
- Seasonally adjusted production/turnover
- By adjusting the series for annually recurring patterns, the outcomes become more comparable to the previous months. As a result, observable seasonal effects do not impact month-on-month developments, allowing shifts in revenue growth or decline to be detected more quickly than without seasonal adjustment.
Within Statistics Netherlands, seasonal adjustment entails adjustment for both seasonal effects and calendar effects, such as working or trading days, leap days, and national holidays.
- Development compared to a year earlier
- The percentage change in a period (month, quarter, year) compared with the same period in the previous year. CBS calculates the percentage change on the basis of unrounded index figures.
- Uncorrected production/turnover
- Series that are unadjusted for calendar and/or seasonal effects.