Avoided use of fossil energy and emission of CO2
| Energy sources/techniques | Energy application | Periods | Avoided use of fossil energy Avoided energy (TJ) | Avoided carbon dioxide emission (CO2) Avoided emission (kton) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total energy sources | Total energy applications | 2021** | 387,214 | 25,339 |
| Total energy sources | Electricity | 2021** | 290,601 | 19,143 |
| Total energy sources | Heat | 2021** | 70,137 | 4,111 |
| Total energy sources | Transport | 2021** | 26,476 | 2,085 |
| Hydro power | Total energy applications | 2021** | 711 | 45 |
| Hydro power | Electricity | 2021** | 711 | 45 |
| Hydro power | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Hydro power | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy, total | Total energy applications | 2021** | 152,684 | 9,688 |
| Wind energy, total | Electricity | 2021** | 152,684 | 9,688 |
| Wind energy, total | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy, total | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy on shore | Total energy applications | 2021** | 84,560 | 5,366 |
| Wind energy on shore | Electricity | 2021** | 84,560 | 5,366 |
| Wind energy on shore | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy on shore | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy off shore | Total energy applications | 2021** | 68,124 | 4,323 |
| Wind energy off shore | Electricity | 2021** | 68,124 | 4,323 |
| Wind energy off shore | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Wind energy off shore | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar energy | Total energy applications | 2021** | 93,337 | 5,914 |
| Solar energy | Electricity | 2021** | 92,084 | 5,843 |
| Solar energy | Heat | 2021** | 1,254 | 71 |
| Solar energy | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar photovoltaic | Total energy applications | 2021** | 92,084 | 5,843 |
| Solar photovoltaic | Electricity | 2021** | 92,084 | 5,843 |
| Solar photovoltaic | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Solar photovoltaic | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, total | Total energy applications | 2021** | 1,254 | 71 |
| Solar thermal, total | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, total | Heat | 2021** | 1,254 | 71 |
| Solar thermal, total | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 | Total energy applications | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 | Total energy applications | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, uncovered systems | Total energy applications | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, uncovered systems | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, uncovered systems | Heat | 2021** | ||
| Solar thermal, uncovered systems | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Total geothermal energy | Total energy applications | 2021** | 11,678 | 653 |
| Total geothermal energy | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Total geothermal energy | Heat | 2021** | 11,678 | 653 |
| Total geothermal energy | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Deep geothermal heat | Total energy applications | 2021** | 6,326 | 352 |
| Deep geothermal heat | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Deep geothermal heat | Heat | 2021** | 6,326 | 352 |
| Deep geothermal heat | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Total energy applications | 2021** | 5,352 | 301 |
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Heat | 2021** | 5,352 | 301 |
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal heat, total | Total energy applications | 2021** | 4,087 | 229 |
| Shallow geothermal heat, total | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal heat, total | Heat | 2021** | 4,087 | 229 |
| Shallow geothermal heat, total | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps | Total energy applications | 2021** | 3,900 | 219 |
| Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps | Heat | 2021** | 3,900 | 219 |
| Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps | Total energy applications | 2021** | 187 | 11 |
| Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps | Heat | 2021** | 187 | 11 |
| Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal cold | Total energy applications | 2021** | 1,265 | 72 |
| Shallow geothermal cold | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Shallow geothermal cold | Heat | 2021** | 1,265 | 72 |
| Shallow geothermal cold | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Aerothermal heat, total | Total energy applications | 2021** | 4,401 | 244 |
| Aerothermal heat, total | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Aerothermal heat, total | Heat | 2021** | 4,401 | 244 |
| Aerothermal heat, total | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Total biomass | Total energy applications | 2021** | 124,403 | 8,794 |
| Total biomass | Electricity | 2021** | 45,122 | 3,566 |
| Total biomass | Heat | 2021** | 52,805 | 3,143 |
| Total biomass | Transport | 2021** | 26,476 | 2,085 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Total energy applications | 2021** | 24,001 | 1,454 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Electricity | 2021** | 14,249 | 904 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Heat | 2021** | 9,752 | 550 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Total energy applications | 2021** | 24,711 | 2,340 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Electricity | 2021** | 22,504 | 2,131 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Heat | 2021** | 2,207 | 209 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Total biomass households | Total energy applications | 2021** | 11,389 | 642 |
| Total biomass households | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Total biomass households | Heat | 2021** | 11,389 | 642 |
| Total biomass households | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Total energy applications | 2021** | 194 | 11 |
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Heat | 2021** | 194 | 11 |
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Biomass households, inserts | Total energy applications | 2021** | 1,631 | 92 |
| Biomass households, inserts | Electricity | 2021** | ||
| Biomass households, inserts | Heat | 2021** | 1,631 | 92 |
| Biomass households, inserts | Transport | 2021** | ||
| Source: CBS. | ||||
Dataset is not available.
The use of renewable energy avoids the use of fossil energy and as a consequence avoids emission of CO2. Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.
Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total emission of carbon dioxide in the Netherlands.
Avoiding the use of fossil energy and avoiding emission of carbon dioxide are important underlying aims for stimulation of the use of renewable energy.
The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into application (electricity, heat and transport).
Data available from:
1990
Status of the figures:
This table contains definite figures up to and including 2020 and revised provisional figures for 2021.
Changes as of February 8th 2023
Revised provisional figures added for 2021.
Figures for 2020 are definite.
From reporting year 2021, new sustainability criteria for solid and gaseous biomass will apply in the context of the EU Renewable Energy Directive (2018). Only solid and gaseous biomass compliant according to these criteria are used to determine the avoided use of fossil energy and emission of CO2 in 2021.
Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. This may result in inconsistencies with other tables.
Changes as of July 2022:
Revised provisional figures added for 2021.
From reporting year 2021, new sustainability criteria for solid and gaseous biomass will apply in the context of the EU Renewable Energy Directive (2018). It is currently unclear whether all biomass consumed in the Netherlands meets these new sustainability criteria. This has an impact on the calculation of the avoided use of fossil energy and emission of CO2. For the cases where this uncertainty applies a “.“ is displayed.
When will new figures be published?
Provisional figures: June of the following year.
Revised provisional figures: December of the following year.
Definite figures: December of the second following year.
Description topics
- Avoided use of fossil energy
- The avoided use of fossil primary energy is the amount of fossil (and nuclear) energy that would have been used if renewable energy was not used.
The avoided use of fossil primary energy is the sum of:
1. The avoided use of fossil primary energy by the domestic production of electricity, heat and gas from renewable sources.
2. The avoided use of fossil energy by the biofuels for road transport sold on the domestic market.
Imports and exports of green electricity is not included.- Avoided energy
- In this table, the unit TeraJoule (TJ) is used. This equals 1,000,000,000,000 joules (10 to the power of 12). A joule is a unit of energy equivalent to 0.24 calories. A TJ is equivalent to 31 600 cubic meters of natural gas or 278 000 kilowatt-hours of electricity.
- Avoided carbon dioxide emission (CO2)
- The amount of carbon dioxide that is emitted if no use is made of renewable energy technology. The amount of carbon dioxide is calculated in accordance with the methodology of the Protocol Monitoring Renewable Energy (AgentschapNL, 2010). It covers domestic production of renewable electricity, heat and gas. Imports of green electricity is not included.
This methodology only considers the avoided emission by the use of the renewable energy at the final stage: production of renewable electricity, heat and gas. The earlier stages are not included. For biofuels for road transport greenhouse gas emissions of the earlier stages may be substantial. Therefore, for these biofuels no avoided CO2 emissions are published.- Avoided emission
- 1 kton = 1,000 ton = 1 million kg.