Renewable energy; consumption by energy source, technology and application
| Energy sources and techniques | Energy application | Periods | Final consumption (TJ) | Final consumption relative (% total energy cons.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tot renewable excl statistical transfer | Total energy applications | 2023** | 311,982 | 17.42 |
| Tot renewable excl statistical transfer | Electricity | 2023** | 193,216 | 10.79 |
| Tot renewable excl statistical transfer | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 91,688 | 5.12 |
| Tot renewable excl statistical transfer | Transport | 2023** | 27,078 | 1.51 |
| Tot renewable incl statistical transfer | Total energy applications | 2023** | 311,982 | 17.42 |
| Tot renewable incl statistical transfer | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Tot renewable incl statistical transfer | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Tot renewable incl statistical transfer | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Statistical transfer | Total energy applications | 2023** | ||
| Statistical transfer | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Statistical transfer | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Statistical transfer | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Total, including non-renewables | Total energy applications | 2023** | 1,790,898 | |
| Total, including non-renewables | Electricity | 2023** | 416,416 | |
| Total, including non-renewables | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 898,983 | |
| Total, including non-renewables | Transport | 2023** | . | |
| Hydro power | Total energy applications | 2023** | 304 | 0.02 |
| Hydro power | Electricity | 2023** | 304 | 0.02 |
| Hydro power | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Hydro power | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy, total | Total energy applications | 2023** | 96,674 | 5.40 |
| Wind energy, total | Electricity | 2023** | 96,674 | 5.40 |
| Wind energy, total | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy, total | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy on shore | Total energy applications | 2023** | 56,762 | 3.17 |
| Wind energy on shore | Electricity | 2023** | 56,762 | 3.17 |
| Wind energy on shore | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy on shore | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy off shore | Total energy applications | 2023** | 39,912 | 2.23 |
| Wind energy off shore | Electricity | 2023** | 39,912 | 2.23 |
| Wind energy off shore | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Wind energy off shore | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Solar energy | Total energy applications | 2023** | 71,657 | 4.00 |
| Solar energy | Electricity | 2023** | 70,481 | 3.94 |
| Solar energy | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 1,176 | 0.07 |
| Solar energy | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Solar photovoltaic | Total energy applications | 2023** | 70,481 | 3.94 |
| Solar photovoltaic | Electricity | 2023** | 70,481 | 3.94 |
| Solar photovoltaic | Heating and cooling | 2023** | ||
| Solar photovoltaic | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Solar thermal, total | Total energy applications | 2023** | 1,176 | 0.07 |
| Solar thermal, total | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Solar thermal, total | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 1,176 | 0.07 |
| Solar thermal, total | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Total geothermal energy | Total energy applications | 2023** | 13,455 | 0.75 |
| Total geothermal energy | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Total geothermal energy | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 13,455 | 0.75 |
| Total geothermal energy | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Deep geothermal heat | Total energy applications | 2023** | 6,798 | 0.38 |
| Deep geothermal heat | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Deep geothermal heat | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 6,798 | 0.38 |
| Deep geothermal heat | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Total energy applications | 2023** | 6,657 | 0.37 |
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 6,657 | 0.37 |
| Total shallow geothermal energy | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Aerothermal heat | Total energy applications | 2023** | 18,867 | 1.05 |
| Aerothermal heat | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Aerothermal heat | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 18,867 | 1.05 |
| Aerothermal heat | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Renewable cooling | Total energy applications | 2023** | 5,825 | 0.33 |
| Renewable cooling | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Renewable cooling | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 5,825 | 0.33 |
| Renewable cooling | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Total biomass | Total energy applications | 2023** | 105,200 | 5.87 |
| Total biomass | Electricity | 2023** | 25,757 | 1.44 |
| Total biomass | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 52,365 | 2.92 |
| Total biomass | Transport | 2023** | 27,078 | 1.51 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Total energy applications | 2023** | 16,579 | 0.93 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Electricity | 2023** | 7,133 | 0.40 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 9,446 | 0.53 |
| Municipal waste; renewable fraction | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Total energy applications | 2023** | 15,369 | 0.86 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Electricity | 2023** | 13,591 | 0.76 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 1,777 | 0.10 |
| Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Total biomass households | Total energy applications | 2023** | 16,180 | 0.90 |
| Total biomass households | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Total biomass households | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 16,180 | 0.90 |
| Total biomass households | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Total energy applications | 2023** | 1,707 | 0.10 |
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 1,707 | 0.10 |
| Biomass households, open fireplaces | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, inserts | Total energy applications | 2023** | 2,222 | 0.12 |
| Biomass households, inserts | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, inserts | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 2,222 | 0.12 |
| Biomass households, inserts | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, wood stoves | Total energy applications | 2023** | 9,673 | 0.54 |
| Biomass households, wood stoves | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, wood stoves | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 9,673 | 0.54 |
| Biomass households, wood stoves | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, pellet stoves | Total energy applications | 2023** | 2,307 | 0.13 |
| Biomass households, pellet stoves | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, pellet stoves | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 2,307 | 0.13 |
| Biomass households, pellet stoves | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, charcoal use | Total energy applications | 2023** | 270 | 0.02 |
| Biomass households, charcoal use | Electricity | 2023** | ||
| Biomass households, charcoal use | Heating and cooling | 2023** | 270 | 0.02 |
| Biomass households, charcoal use | Transport | 2023** | ||
| Source: CBS. | ||||
Table explanation
This table expresses the use of renewable energy as gross final consumption of energy. Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total energy use in the Netherlands.
The total gross final energy consumption in the Netherlands (the denominator used to calculate the percentage of renewable energy per ‘Energy sources and techniques’) can be found in the table as ‘Total, including non-renewables’ and Energy application ‘Total’.
The gross final energy consumption for the energy applications ‘Electricity’ and ‘Heat’ are also available. With these figures the percentages of the different energy sources and applications can be calculated; these values are not available in this table.
The gross final energy consumption for ‘Transport’ is not available because of the complexity to calculate this. More information on this can be found in the yearly publication ‘Hernieuwbare energie in Nederland’.
Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.
The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into energy application (electricity, heat and transport).
This table focuses on the share of renewable energy according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Under this directive, countries can apply an administrative transfer by purchasing renewable energy from countries that have consumed more renewable energy than the agreed target. For 2020, the Netherlands has implemented such a transfer by purchasing renewable energy from Denmark. This transfer has been made visible in this table as a separate energy source/technique and two totals are included; a total with statistical transfer and a total without statistical transfer.
Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. Inconsistencies with other tables undergoing updates may occur.
Data available from:
1990
Status of the figures:
This table contains definite figures up to and including 2022 and figures of 2023 are revised provisional figures.
Changes as of January 2025
Renewable cooling has been added as Energy source and technique from 2021 onwards, in accordance with RED II. Figures for 2020 and earlier follow RED I definitions, renewable cooling isn’t a part of these definitions.
The energy application “Heat” has been renamed to “Heating and cooling”, in accordance with RED II definitions.
RED II is the current Renewable Energy Directive which entered into force in 2021
Changes as of November 15th 2024
Figures for 2021-2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional. Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised.
Changes as of March 2024:
Figures of the total energy applications of biogas, co-digestion of manure and other biogas have been restored for 2021 and 2022. The final energy consumption of non-compliant biogas (according to RED II) was wrongly included in the total final consumption of these types of biogas. Figures of total biogas, total biomass and total renewable energy were not influenced by this and therefore not adjusted.
When will new figures be published?
Provisional figures on the gross final consumption of renewable energy in broad outlines for the previous year are published each year in June. Revised provisional figures for the previous year appear each year in June.
In November all figures on the consumption of renewable energy in the previous year will be published. These figures remain revised provisional, definite figures appear in November two years after the reporting year. Most important (expected) changes between revised provisional figures in November and definite figures a year later are the figures on solar photovoltaic energy. The figures on the share of total energy consumption in the Netherlands could also still be changed by the availability of adjusted figures on total energy consumption.
Description topics
- Final consumption
- In this table, the unit TeraJoule (TJ) is used. This equals 1,000,000,000,000 joules (10 to the power of 12). A joule is a unit of energy equivalent to 0.24 calories. A TJ is equivalent to 31 600 cubic meters of natural gas or 278 000 kilowatt-hours of electricity.
- Final consumption relative
- Gross final consumption of renewable energy as percentage of total gross final energetic energy consumption, calculated according the definitions from the EU directive on renewable energy from 2009. Total gross final energetic energy consumption is the sum of three parts:
1. Energetic final use of the end use sectors manufacturing industry (excluding refineries), households, services, agriculture, fishing and transport.
2. Distribution losses of electricity and heat
3. Own use of electricity and heat by the producers of electricity and sold heat.