Current transactions by sectors; National Accounts

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Description topics

Resources

Resources are transactions add to the economic value of sectors.

Output

The ensemble of goods and services produced. Also called production. Three types of output are distinguished:
- market output: goods and services sold at a market or intended for sale at a market
- the own-account production of all goods that are retained by their producers for their own final consumption or gross fixed capital formation.
- non-market output: goods and services delivered for free or at economically non-significant prices to other units

Output is valued at basic prices. These are the prices experienced by the producers: product-related taxes have been subtracted from the original prices, subsidies haven been added to them. Costs of transportation, when charged separately by the producer, are not included. Changes in the values of financial and non-financial assets during the reference period are not included either.

Included is the output by all kind-of-activity units residing in the Netherlands, including those that are held by foreign owners. The kind-of-activity units include general government units and other non-commercial units.

Output produced for own final use

Output produced for own final use consists of goods or services that are retained either for own final consumption or for capital formation by the same institutional unit.

Products retained for own consumption

Products retained for own final consumption can only be produced by the households sector. Examples of products retained for own final consumption include:
- agricultural products retained by farmers;
- dwelling services produced by owner-occupiers;
- household services produced by employing paid staff.

Taxes on production and imports

Taxes on production and imports are compulsory payments to the government and the European Union (EU), which are related to production, imports and to the use of production factors. Taxes on production and imports are classified into taxes on products and other taxes on production.

Total

Taxes on products

Taxes that are payable per unit of a given good or service produced or imported. The tax may be a specific amount of money per unit of quantity of a good or service, or it may be calculated as a specified percentage of the price per unit or value of the goods and services produced or traded.

Total

Value added tax (VAT)

Value added tax (VAT) is a tax on goods or services collected in stages by enterprises and which is ultimately charged in full to the final purchaser. The common feature of VAT is that producers are obliged to pay to the government only the difference between the VAT on their sales and the VAT on their purchases for intermediate consumption and gross fixed capital formation.

Taxes, duties on imports excluding VAT

Taxes and duties on imports excluding VAT comprise compulsory payments levied by general government or the institutions of the European Union on imported goods, excluding VAT, in order to admit them to free circulation on the economic territory, and on services provided to resident units by non-resident units. Examples are import duties and excise duties on imported fuel.

Other taxes on products

Taxes on products which are related to domestically produced goods and services. Examples are excise duties on beer and petrol which are produced in the Netherlands.

Other taxes on production

Other taxes on production include all taxes on production paid by producers, not related to the value or volume of products produced or transacted. Examples are real estate tax and sewerage charges paid by producers.

Subsidies (-)

Current payments from the Dutch government or the European Union to producers with the objective to influence output prices, employment or the remuneration of production factors. Subsidies are distinguished between subsidies on products and other subsidies on production.

Subsidies on products

Subsidies payable per unit of a good or service produced or imported. The amount of subsidies is related to the value or amount of product.

Other subsidies on production

Other subsidies on production include all subsidies on production paid to producers, not related to the value or volume of products domestically produced or transacted. These are subsidies on agricultural products, subsidies on R&D and wage subsidies.

Uses

Uses are transactions appear which deduces the economic value of sectors.

Taxes on production and imports

Taxes on production and imports are compulsory payments to the government and the European Union (EU), which are related to production, imports and to the use of production factors. Taxes on production and imports are classified into taxes on products and other taxes on production.

Total

Taxes on products

Taxes that are payable per unit of a given good or service produced or imported. The tax may be a specific amount of money per unit of quantity of a good or service, or it may be calculated as a specified percentage of the price per unit or value of the goods and services produced or traded.

Other taxes on production

Other taxes on production include all taxes on production paid by producers, not related to the value or volume of products produced or transacted. Examples are real estate tax and sewerage charges paid by producers.

Subsidies (-)

Current payments from the Dutch government or the European Union to producers with the objective to influence output prices, employment or the remuneration of production factors. Subsidies are distinguished between subsidies on products and other subsidies on production.

Subsidies on products

Subsidies payable per unit of a good or service produced or imported. The amount of subsidies is related to the value or amount of product.

Other subsidies on production

Other subsidies on production include all subsidies on production paid to producers, not related to the value or volume of products domestically produced or transacted. These are subsidies on agricultural products, subsidies on R&D and wage subsidies.

Final consumption expenditure

Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.

The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.

Actual individual final consumption

Expenditure on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual needs.

Social transfers in kind

Social transfers in kind consist of individual goods and services provided for free or at prices that are not economically significant to individual households by government units and NPISHs, whether purchased on the market or produced as non-market output by government units or NPISHs. They are financed out of taxation, other government income or social security contributions, or out of donations and property income in the case of NPISHs.

Transfers in kind non-market production

Social transfers in kind are individual goods and services provided directly to the beneficiaries by non-market producers. Any payments made by the households themselves should be deducted.

Transfers in kind market production

Individual goods and services in the form of reimbursements by social security funds of approved expenditures made by households on specific goods and services; or
provided directly to the beneficiaries by market producers from which general government purchases the corresponding goods and services.
Any payments made by the households themselves are to be deducted.

Balancing items

A balancing item is obtained by subtracting the total value of the entries on one side of an account from the total value on the other side.

Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a quantity that expresses the size of an economy. The volume change of GDP during a reference period expresses the growth or shrinkage of the economy. Gross domestic product at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It can be defined in three ways:

- production approach: GDP is the sum of gross value added of the various institutional sectors or the various industries plus taxes and less subsidies on products (which are not allocated to sectors and industries). It is also the balancing item in the total economy production account;
- expenditure approach: GDP is the sum of final uses of goods and services by resident institutional units (final consumption and gross capital formation), plus exports and minus imports of goods and services;
- income approach: GDP is the sum of uses in the total economy generation of income account (compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, gross operating surplus and mixed income of the total economy).

Net domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a quantity that expresses the size of an economy. The volume change of GDP during a reference period expresses the growth or shrinkage of the economy. Gross domestic product at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It can be defined in three ways:

- production approach: GDP is the sum of gross value added of the various institutional sectors or the various industries plus taxes and less subsidies on products (which are not allocated to sectors and industries). It is also the balancing item in the total economy production account;
- expenditure approach: GDP is the sum of final uses of goods and services by resident institutional units (final consumption and gross capital formation), plus exports and minus imports of goods and services;
- income approach: GDP is the sum of uses in the total economy generation of income account (compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, gross operating surplus and mixed income of the total economy).

Net domestic product at market prices (NDP) can be obtained by deducting consumption of fixed capital from GDP.