Current transactions by sectors; National Accounts

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Description topics

Resources

Resources are transactions add to the economic value of sectors.

Output

The ensemble of goods and services produced. Also called production. Three types of output are distinguished:
- market output: goods and services sold at a market or intended for sale at a market
- the own-account production of all goods that are retained by their producers for their own final consumption or gross fixed capital formation.
- non-market output: goods and services delivered for free or at economically non-significant prices to other units

Output is valued at basic prices. These are the prices experienced by the producers: product-related taxes have been subtracted from the original prices, subsidies haven been added to them. Costs of transportation, when charged separately by the producer, are not included. Changes in the values of financial and non-financial assets during the reference period are not included either.

Included is the output by all kind-of-activity units residing in the Netherlands, including those that are held by foreign owners. The kind-of-activity units include general government units and other non-commercial units.

Market output

Market output consists of output that is disbursed of on the market or intended to be disbursed of on the market. Market output includes:
- products sold at economically significant prices;
- products bartered;
- products used for payments in kind, including compensation of employees in kind and mixed income in kind;
- products supplied by one local Kind-of-activity unit to another within the same institutional unit to be used as intermediate inputs or for final uses;
- products added to the inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress intended for one or other of the above uses (including natural growth of animal of vegetable products and uncompleted structures for which the buyer is unknown).

Total

Financial intermediation service (FISIM)

The concept of imputed bank services encompasses the remuneration for financial services which are not paid for directly. This remuneration is included in the actual interest paid or received. In the national accounts this indirect remuneration is specified as financial intermediation service charge indirectly measured.
The size of the imputed bank services is determined on the basis of a ‘reference rate’. This reference rate equals the rate of the interbank loans. The difference between the reference rate and the actual interest paid to depositors or the actual interest received from borrowers is the indirectly measured financial intermediation service charge. The actual interest paid and received is corrected for these imputed bank services.

Other market output

Market output consists of output that is disbursed of on the market or intended to be disbursed of on the market. Market output includes:
- products sold at economically significant prices;
- products bartered;
- products used for payments in kind, including compensation of employees in kind and mixed income in kind;
- products supplied by one local Kind-of-activity unit to another within the same institutional unit to be used as intermediate inputs or for final uses;
- products added to the inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress intended for one or other of the above uses (including natural growth of animal of vegetable products and uncompleted structures for which the buyer is unknown).

Output produced for own final use

Output produced for own final use consists of goods or services that are retained either for own final consumption or for capital formation by the same institutional unit.

Total

Own-account capital formation

Output of gross fixed capital formation by the same institutional unit.

Examples of products used for own gross fixed capital formation:
- special tools or machines;
- dwellings, or extensions of dwellings, which are produced by households.

Products retained for own consumption

Products retained for own final consumption can only be produced by the households sector. Examples of products retained for own final consumption include:
- agricultural products retained by farmers;
- dwelling services produced by owner-occupiers;
- household services produced by employing paid staff.

Non-market output

Non-market output is output that is provided to other units for free, or at prices that are not economically significant. Non-market output is subdivided into two items: 'Payments for non-market output', which consists of various fees and charges, and 'Non-market output, other', which is output provided for free.
Non-market output is produced for the following reasons.
- It may be technically impossible to make individuals pay for collective services because their consumption of such services cannot be monitored and controlled. The production of collective services is organized by government units and financed out of funds other than receipts from sales, namely taxation or other government incomes.
- Government units and NPISHs may also produce and supply goods or services to individual households for which they could charge but choose not to do so as a matter of social or economic policy. Examples are the provision of education or health services, for free or at prices that are not economically significant.

Total

Payments for non-market output

Payments for non-market output is output that is provided to other units at prices that are not economically significant.
Non-market output is produced for the following reasons.
- It may be technically impossible to make individuals pay for collective services because their consumption of such services cannot be monitored and controlled. The production of collective services is organized by government units and financed out of funds other than receipts from sales, namely taxation or other government incomes.
- Government units and NPISHs may also produce and supply goods or services to individual households for which they could charge but choose not to do so as a matter of social or economic policy. Examples are the provision of education or health services, for free or at prices that are not economically significant.

Other non-market output

Other non-market output is output that is provided to other units for.
Non-market output is produced for the following reasons.
- It may be technically impossible to make individuals pay for collective services because their consumption of such services cannot be monitored and controlled. The production of collective services is organized by government units and financed out of funds other than receipts from sales, namely taxation or other government incomes.
- Government units and NPISHs may also produce and supply goods or services to individual households for which they could charge but choose not to do so as a matter of social or economic policy. Examples are the provision of education or health services, for free or at prices that are not economically significant.

Property income

Property income is the income receivable by the owner of a financial asset or a tangible non-produced asset in return for providing funds to, or putting the tangible non-produced asset at the deposal of, another institutional unit.

Interest

Interest is imputed to the period for which the underlying claim or debt exists. The actual interest payments or receipts are corrected for imputed bank services. Therefore there is a shift from actual interest payments and receipts to the production or the consumption of bank services. For producers of imputed bank services this means a decrease of the received interest and an increase of the paid interest with respect to the actual interest flows. For the consumers of imputed bank services this means an increase of received interest and a decrease of paid interest, compared with the actual interest flows.

Interest before correction for FISIM

Actual interest is the interest imputed to the period for which the underlying claim or debt exists. This deviates from the concept of interest in the national accounts. In the concept of interest in the national accounts, the actual interest is corrected for imputed bank services.

Reinvested earnings on foreign investm.

Reinvested earnings on foreign direct investment are equal to the operating surplus of the foreign direct investment enterprise
plus any property incomes or current transfers receivable, minus any property incomes or current transfers payable, including actual remittances to foreign direct investors and any current taxes payable on the income, wealth, etc., of the foreign direct investment enterprise.
On the financial account this return on foreign direct investment are returned in the form of the purchase of shares. If the dividends paid is greater than the profit earned in a period, this means that the retained earnings on foreign direct investment are negative.

Uses

Uses are transactions appear which deduces the economic value of sectors.

Property income

Property income is the income receivable by the owner of a financial asset or a tangible non-produced asset in return for providing funds to, or putting the tangible non-produced asset at the deposal of, another institutional unit.

Interest

Interest is imputed to the period for which the underlying claim or debt exists. The actual interest payments or receipts are corrected for imputed bank services. Therefore there is a shift from actual interest payments and receipts to the production or the consumption of bank services. For producers of imputed bank services this means a decrease of the received interest and an increase of the paid interest with respect to the actual interest flows. For the consumers of imputed bank services this means an increase of received interest and a decrease of paid interest, compared with the actual interest flows.

Interest before correction for FISIM

Actual interest is the interest imputed to the period for which the underlying claim or debt exists. This deviates from the concept of interest in the national accounts. In the concept of interest in the national accounts, the actual interest is corrected for imputed bank services.

Reinvested earnings on foreign investm.

Reinvested earnings on foreign direct investment are equal to the operating surplus of the foreign direct investment enterprise
plus any property incomes or current transfers receivable, minus any property incomes or current transfers payable, including actual remittances to foreign direct investors and any current taxes payable on the income, wealth, etc., of the foreign direct investment enterprise.
On the financial account this return on foreign direct investment are returned in the form of the purchase of shares. If the dividends paid is greater than the profit earned in a period, this means that the retained earnings on foreign direct investment are negative.

Final consumption expenditure

Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.

The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.

Actual individual final consumption

Expenditure on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual needs.

Social transfers in kind

Social transfers in kind consist of individual goods and services provided for free or at prices that are not economically significant to individual households by government units and NPISHs, whether purchased on the market or produced as non-market output by government units or NPISHs. They are financed out of taxation, other government income or social security contributions, or out of donations and property income in the case of NPISHs.

Transfers in kind non-market production

Social transfers in kind are individual goods and services provided directly to the beneficiaries by non-market producers. Any payments made by the households themselves should be deducted.

Transfers in kind market production

Individual goods and services in the form of reimbursements by social security funds of approved expenditures made by households on specific goods and services; or
provided directly to the beneficiaries by market producers from which general government purchases the corresponding goods and services.
Any payments made by the households themselves are to be deducted.

Gross capital formation

Capital formation consists of capital formation in fixed assets and changes in inventories including valuables.

Total

Gross fixed capital formation

Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.

The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.

Total

Consumption of fixed capital

The decline in value of fixed assets owned, as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence.

For the estimation of the consumption of fixed capital the perpetual inventory method (PIM) is applied. The capital stock at the beginning of the year is brought to replacement value because of price changes. The fixed capital formation during the year is added to this capital stock. Next it is diminished with the value of capital goods discarded. This gives to value of capital stock at the end of the year. The consumption of fixed obtained by applying a depreciation percentage.
This method may differ considerably from the method used to calculate depreciation in business accounts, which is based on historical costs or fiscal life span.

Net fixed capital formation

Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.

The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licenses.