Income distribution of households; National Accounts

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Characteristics of households Total amount Gross operating surplus (million euros) Total amount Gross mixed income (million euros) Total amount Gross primary income (million euros) Total amount Gross disposable income (million euros) Total amount Gross adjusted disposable income (million euros) Total amount Gross saving (million euros) Total amount Resources Total (million euros) Total amount Resources Compensation of employees Total (million euros) Total amount Resources Compensation of employees Wages and salaries (million euros) Total amount Resources Compensation of employees Employers' social contributions (million euros)
Total 45,410 95,783 672,882 518,109 704,429 81,819 971,628 478,494 369,196 109,298
Disposable income: 1st 10%-group 933 2,073 8,489 7,933 25,094 -19,360 37,097 4,307 3,383 924
Disposable income: 2nd 10%-group 539 1,971 10,413 21,651 42,914 -9,087 53,452 6,805 5,206 1,599
Disposable income: 3rd 10%-group 818 2,259 16,709 26,850 48,385 -6,787 61,342 11,659 8,855 2,804
Disposable income: 4th 10%-group 1,783 3,100 30,141 33,448 51,668 -4,581 69,130 22,719 17,179 5,540
Disposable income: 5th 10%-group 3,111 4,017 44,556 40,905 58,515 -996 80,876 34,700 26,238 8,462
Disposable income: 6th 10%-group 4,594 5,128 60,289 49,143 68,203 4,027 95,674 47,784 36,158 11,625
Disposable income: 7th 10%-group 6,104 6,723 77,074 57,809 77,113 9,650 109,893 61,284 46,425 14,859
Disposable income: 8th 10%-group 7,496 9,357 95,943 67,269 85,078 16,564 123,592 75,567 57,370 18,197
Disposable income: 9th 10%-group 9,043 14,851 121,306 80,387 97,678 27,081 142,318 92,545 70,716 21,829
Disposable income: 10th 10%-group 10,989 46,304 207,962 132,714 149,781 65,308 198,254 121,124 97,666 23,459
Single less 65 year old 4,982 12,746 95,369 68,345 89,607 1,170 127,937 73,800 56,386 17,413
Single 65 and older 4,268 1,967 17,276 39,003 62,676 -15,597 76,243 2,825 2,242 583
Single with children living at home 2,157 3,814 25,589 22,368 36,179 1,826 44,740 18,810 14,378 4,433
Two adults less than 65 no child at home 997 16,488 131,727 80,244 94,079 31,287 154,615 106,753 81,949 24,804
Two adults: 65 or older no child at home 610 6,902 45,803 65,057 91,331 -17,501 132,432 18,714 14,710 4,004
Two adult hh with one or two children 18,736 30,230 216,149 140,296 183,872 44,299 251,226 160,976 124,450 36,525
Two adult hh with at least 3 children 8,546 10,148 56,863 40,719 59,219 11,483 68,118 36,322 28,524 7,798
Others 5,114 13,488 84,106 62,077 87,466 24,852 116,317 60,294 46,557 13,738
Source of income: mixed income 5,198 63,957 84,020 62,264 73,599 23,730 39,352 15,485 11,895 3,590
Source of income: compensation of employ 28,900 18,317 473,371 285,296 350,480 98,352 569,570 416,103 320,836 95,266
Source of income: old age benefits 5,926 5,507 49,413 105,684 145,292 -39,487 203,082 18,314 14,127 4,187
Source of income: property income 645 856 27,498 18,765 19,874 8,547 29,415 3,711 3,285 427
Source of income: other 4,741 7,146 38,580 46,100 115,184 -9,323 130,209 24,881 19,053 5,828
Main earner: to 34 years 3,727 13,203 100,739 68,603 92,653 10,645 130,571 84,794 64,143 20,651
Main earner: 35 to 44 years 12,214 20,412 139,093 94,453 127,929 24,742 169,556 105,750 81,207 24,543
Main earner: 45 to 54 years 15,228 26,394 179,566 120,439 158,982 36,506 215,057 130,797 101,959 28,837
Main earner: 55 to 64 years 8,753 24,273 178,001 117,465 146,176 39,546 217,863 128,133 99,149 28,985
Main earner: 65 years or older 5,488 11,501 75,483 117,149 178,689 -29,620 238,581 29,020 22,738 6,282
Home ownership: Owner-occupied home 45,120 72,173 518,409 371,388 469,263 70,355 662,148 358,536 277,681 80,855
Home ownership: Rent 290 23,610 154,473 146,721 235,166 11,464 309,480 119,958 91,515 28,443
Net worth: 1st 10%-group 692 2,040 20,119 19,388 34,042 -4,924 44,301 17,024 13,098 3,926
Net worth: 2nd 10%-group 319 1,950 23,932 25,822 45,317 -1,513 58,720 21,516 16,396 5,120
Net worth: 3rd 10%-group 357 3,870 34,440 31,799 50,547 2,039 67,287 29,574 22,430 7,144
Net worth: 4th 10%-group 1,128 6,547 44,779 38,799 56,323 4,221 76,181 35,844 27,176 8,667
Net worth: 5th 10%-group 4,047 6,958 61,686 47,295 64,315 6,316 90,718 49,949 37,820 12,129
Net worth: 6th 10%-group 6,481 7,695 70,493 53,001 71,335 6,957 99,821 55,610 42,186 13,424
Net worth: 7th 10%-group 7,412 8,996 75,502 57,429 76,338 7,635 106,236 57,091 43,498 13,594
Net worth: 8th 10%-group 7,790 11,006 83,449 63,177 82,036 9,638 115,069 60,349 46,250 14,099
Net worth: 9th 10%-group 8,130 14,861 98,226 72,528 91,344 14,148 129,676 66,820 51,717 15,103
Net worth: 10th 10%-group 9,054 31,860 160,256 108,871 132,832 37,302 183,619 84,717 68,625 16,092
Source: CBS.
Explanation of symbols

Table explanation


This table describes the income and saving distributions of the sector households in the national accounts across different household groups. Whereas macro-economic aggregates and averages convey merely the general situation, these distributional statistics provide insight into how economic resources and developments are distributed among different segments of the population. The relevance lies in the fact that the economic aggregates or growth of the Household sector may by reflected differently and unevenly when decomposed by different household groups. The Households sector is broken down into groups identified by main source of income, living situation, household composition, age class of the head of the household, income deciles, and net worth deciles.
These statistics are produced through combining microdata on households (among others administrative data and surveys) with the National Accounts aggregates. By adhering to the National Accounts totals, these distributional statistics align to the official macro-economic statistics. To accomplish this alignment, definitional, population-related, and methodological differences between micro- and macro-statistics are analyzed and resolved. Since National Accounts are internationally harmonized in terms of concepts and methodology, these aggregates are comparable across countries. Hence, due to the alignment to National Accounts totals, these distributional statistics have similar international comparability.
The methodology applied is developed in international context within expert groups of the OECD, ECB, and Eurostat, among others the work of the Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts framework (EG DNA). This methodology is outlined in the OECD Handbook on the Compilation of Household Distributional Results on Income, Consumption and Saving in Line with National Accounts Totals.

Data available from: 2021.

Status of the figures:
All data are provisional. The macro statistics are final, however the micro data used have varying statuses. The methodology is still under development at the international level.

Changes as of January 29th 2026:
None. This is a new table. Statistics Netherlands has carried out a revision of the national accounts. The Dutch national accounts are recently revised. New statistical sources, methods and concepts are implemented in the national accounts, in order to align the picture of the Dutch economy with all underlying source data and international guidelines for the compilation of the national accounts. This table contains revised data. For further information see section 3.

When will new figures be published?
New figures will be released at T+2 at the latest.

Description topics

Total amount
Gross operating surplus
The surplus that remains after compensation of employees and taxes less subsidies on production and imports have been subtracted from the sum of value added at basic prices. For the self-employed (who are part of the sector households) the surplus is called mixed income, because it is partly a reward for their entrepreneurship compensation of labour.
The operating surplus of households equals housing services produced for own consumption by owner-occupiers.

In the system of national accounts gross means that consumption of fixed capital (depreciation) has not been subtracted. When it has, net is used.
Gross mixed income
Mixed income is for households mainly equal to the income earned by sole proprietors and other entrepreneurs personally liable for all gains and losses from their activities. The income earned has both an element of wage income as well as profit since the entrepreneur is both rewarded for the provided labour input as well as the undertaken risks. Included in mixed income are rentals received from letting real estate and income earned from black and illegal activities.
In the system of national accounts gross means that consumption of fixed capital (depreciation) has not been subtracted. When it has, net is used.
Gross primary income
Total primary income received by resident institutional units: compensation of employees, operating surplus / mixed income (gross), net property income and net taxes on production and imports less subsidies. Incomes flowing from one domestic sector to another have no effect on net national income. Gross national income (at market prices) equals GDP minus primary income paid by resident institutional units to non-resident institutional units plus primary income received by resident institutional units from the rest of the world. The division of payments by member states to the European Union is largely based upon differences in gross national income.

National income is not a production concept but an income concept, which is more significant if expressed in net terms, i.e. after deduction of consumption of fixed capital.
Gross disposable income
The sum of the gross disposable incomes of the institutional sectors. Gross national disposable income equals gross national income (at market prices) minus current transfers (current taxes on income, wealth et cetera, social contributions, social benefits and other current transfers) paid to non-resident units, plus current transfers received by resident units from the rest of the world. Because disposable national income is not a production concept but an income concept, it is usually expressed in net terms, i.e. after deduction of depreciation (consumption of fixed capital).
Gross adjusted disposable income
Adjusted disposable income is equal to disposable income of households including any income transfers in kind provided to households free of charge by general government or non-profit institutions serving households. This variable facilitates comparisons over time and across countries when there are differences or changes in economic and social conditions.

In the system of national accounts gross means that consumption of fixed capital (depreciation) has not been subtracted. When it has, net is used.

Gross saving
The portion of disposable income that has not been used for final consumption expenditure.
Resources
Resources are transactions which add to the economic value of sectors.
Total
Compensation of employees
The compensation of employees is the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during an accounting period. The compensation of employees is equal to the sum of wages and salaries and employers' social contributions.
Total
Wages and salaries
Wages and salaries are the remunerations an employee receives in return for work done during an accounting period. Wages and salaries include social contributions, income taxes and other payments payable by the employee, including those withheld by the employer and paid directly to social insurance schemes, tax authorities etc. on behalf of the employee. The most important form of wages and salaries is wages in cash (including withheld income taxes and social contributions). Wages in cash are composed of regular gross wages, standard extra allowances (for instance for hazardous work), bonuses, overtime pay, tips and compensation for costs related to employment (for instance refunds of fares to and from work). Bonuses include holiday pay, tantième, gratifications, profit shares and a thirteenth or fourteenth month. Wages in kind occur if an employee benefits from his or her job besides being paid wages. Examples of payment in kind are private use of a company car, free housing, free food, lower interest rates on mortgages, free or cheap use of the company's products or services, and company supplied or subsidized child care.
Employers' social contributions
Employers' social contributions are social contributions payable by employers to social security schemes or other employment-related social insurance schemes to secure social benefits for their employees. Employer's social contributions may be either actual or imputed. As set out by the ESA 2010, pay over periods in which no work is done due to illness or bad weather is registered as part of employers' social contributions.