Extraction, import and export of materials; national accounts
Explanation of symbols
Table explanation
This table contains information about materials that enter or leave the Dutch economy through import, export and extraction. Materials include raw products (resources), semi-finished products and finished products. The import, export and extraction of materials is recorded kilos (physically). The currently presented tables can be referred to as the material flow accounts.
This table is part of the environmental accounts. Data in the environmental accounts are compiled according the concepts and definitions of the national accounts, which makes it possible to quantify the environmental effects of the economic activities for the Netherlands in a consistent manner. As a result, the figures may differ from data presented elsewhere on the website.
Data available from: 1996
Status of the figures:
Provisional figures.
Changes as of 11 June 2026:
Some small changes are made in the figures of extraction of ‘fish capture and other aquatic life’ and the import and export of ‘liquid and gaseous energy products’ and ‘natural gas’. Therefore also (sub)totals are changed for extraction import and export. Figures on material flows in monetary amounts are no longer visible in the table, because the production of the figures has not been continued since 2024.
When will new figures be published?
New provisional figures are published annually, usually around June
Description topics
- Material flows in physical amounts
- Extraction by type of material
- Materials that are extracted from the environment and used by residents as input for the production process. Extraction comprises not only the mining and quarrying of minerals but also harvest of agricultural goods and the catch of non-cultivated fish.
- Biomass
- Organic matter.
- Crops (excl. fodder crops)
- Crops meant for human consumption like, for example, cereals, vegetables and fruit. Also included are flowers and forestry products. Imported and exported crops also include products made from crops like bread, frozen vegetables and cigarettes.
- Roots and tubers
- Mainly potatoes.
- Crop residues and fodder crops
- Crops meant for animal consumption like, for example, mangold, green maize and grass.
- Total crop residues and fodder crops
- Crops meant for animal consumption like, for example, straw, mangold, green maize and grass.
- Crop residues
- Residues of crops, like straw, that used within the economy.
- Fodder crops and grass
- Crops meant for animal consumption like, for example, straw, mangold, green maize and grass.
- Fish capture and other aquatic life
- Non-cultivated fresh fish and other aquatic life like shellfish and crustacean.
- Non-metallic minerals
- Inorganic minerals excluding metals.
- Limestone and gypsum
- Limestone is, e.g., used for the production of cement. Gypsum is, e.g., used for plastering.
- Sand and gravel
- Sand and gravel that are used by industry as resource for the production of concrete, glass and ceramics.
- Clays and kaolin
- Clays and kaolin are used for the production of porcelain.
- Fossil energy carriers
- Crude oil and natural gas liquids
- Resources from crude oil.
- Import by type of material
- The import of goods comprises goods, destined for Dutch residents that originate in other economies. This also included goods that, after import, leave the country again without any significant treatment taken place as long as these goods are owned by Dutch residents (re-exports).
- Biomass and related products
- Organic matter and products thereof.
- Total biomass and related products
- Organic matter and products thereof.
- Crops (excl. fodder crops)
- Crops meant for human consumption like, for example, cereals, vegetables and fruit. Also included are flowers and forestry products. Imported and exported crops also include products made from crops like bread, frozen vegetables and cigarettes.
- Cereals and related products
- Mainly wheat, corn and barley and derived products like bread.
- Wood and related products
- Wood and derived products like doors and floors.
- Fish, aquatic life and related products
- Non-cultivated fresh fish and other aquatic life like shellfish and crustacean and products thereof.
- Products mainly from biomass
- Mainly beverages and paper.