Trade and industry; employment and finance per sector, SIC 2008

Trade and industry; employment and finance per sector, SIC 2008

Sector/branches (SIC 2008) Periods Operating costs Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Depreciation fixed assets (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of raw and auxiliary materials Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of raw and auxiliary materials Initial stock of raw and auxiliary mater (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of raw and auxiliary materials Purchased raw and auxiliary materials (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of raw and auxiliary materials Closing stock raw and auxiliary mat. (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of commodities Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of commodities Initial stock of commodities (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of commodities Purchased commodities (x mln euro) Operating costs Purchase value of sales Costs of commodities Closing stock of commodities (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Gross wages and salaries (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Pension and early retirement premiums (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Other personnel costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Insurance premiums and other costs Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Insurance premiums and other costs Employer-paid social insurance premiums (x mln euro) Operating costs Personnel costs Insurance premiums and other costs Other social insurance costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Total (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Costs of energy use (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Housing costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Equipment and inventory costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Transport costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Sales costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Communication costs (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Costs of other services (x mln euro) Operating costs Other operating costs Other liabilities (x mln euro)
016 Support activities for agriculture 2024 7,207 516 1,678 . . . 832 . . . 1,646 977 103 415 151 . . 1,826 299 176 345 302 47 17 169 472
B Mining and quarrying 2024 20,569 1,044 945 105 952 112 13,079 2,326 12,784 2,032 1,440 813 88 420 120 . . 1,956 184 134 324 158 33 17 216 891
B-E Industry (no construction), energy 2024 533,971 19,301 250,075 . . . 84,595 . . . 77,607 49,174 5,484 15,489 7,460 . . 74,684 9,541 6,754 7,808 4,216 5,342 648 16,170 24,205
06 Extraction of crude petroleum and gas 2024 17,053 791 29 6 29 7 12,966 2,317 12,677 2,028 646 332 44 236 34 . . 1,127 86 78 180 41 6 13 121 601
08 Mining and quarrying (no oil and gas) 2024 1,464 70 576 83 575 83 51 9 46 4 234 146 18 49 22 . . 431 91 26 70 24 9 2 70 139
09 Mining support activities 2024 2,052 183 340 16 348 23 61 0 61 0 560 334 26 135 65 . . 399 7 30 73 93 18 2 25 151
C Manufacturing 2024 446,358 13,252 236,160 . . . 40,501 . . . 68,230 43,560 4,826 13,163 6,682 . . 66,301 8,947 6,088 6,539 3,524 4,993 574 14,735 20,901
10-12 Manufacture of food and beverages 2024 112,970 2,750 71,546 3,767 71,795 4,016 8,004 716 8,037 749 13,425 7,862 870 3,497 1,196 . . 13,779 1,991 1,367 1,473 463 1,439 71 2,574 4,401
10 Manufacture of food products 2024 103,387 2,345 66,547 3,548 66,754 3,755 7,408 646 7,452 690 12,447 7,235 791 3,326 1,096 . . 11,236 1,854 1,266 1,369 422 1,034 65 2,327 2,899
101 Slaughtering, processing of meat 2024 13,570 221 9,178 159 9,169 149 740 6 798 64 2,037 754 79 1,077 128 . . 1,305 203 205 197 118 120 5 235 223
1011 Slaughterhouses (no poultry) 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1012 Slaughterhouses (poultry) 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1013 Processing of meat (no dishes) 2024 5,153 105 3,092 115 3,083 106 452 3 452 2 861 377 41 377 66 . . 612 99 106 91 58 46 3 109 101
102 Processing of fish 2024 1,483 28 831 113 811 93 245 33 249 38 211 127 6 57 21 . . 138 25 24 15 7 19 1 19 28
103 Processing of vegetables and fruit 2024 9,302 252 4,728 314 4,751 337 799 161 811 172 1,409 745 84 461 119 . . 1,436 290 144 163 23 133 6 370 308
1031 Processing of potatoes 2024 4,791 118 2,051 90 2,050 89 641 18 642 19 575 353 39 130 53 . . 777 192 49 74 12 66 4 251 130
104 Manufacture of edible oils and fats 2024 5,529 139 4,173 333 4,090 250 107 7 109 10 371 251 26 65 29 . . 531 118 85 34 5 24 2 140 126
105 Manufacture of dairy products 2024 19,682 486 14,451 633 14,448 630 586 80 587 81 1,969 1,241 147 432 149 . . 1,777 383 125 258 33 201 13 462 303
106 Grain milling and starch products 2024 3,206 104 1,622 71 1,615 64 434 25 431 21 466 318 54 48 46 . . 572 107 50 102 9 39 2 134 129
1061 Manufacture of grain mill products 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1062 Manufacture of starches 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
107 Manufacture of bakery products 2024 6,949 267 2,967 168 2,962 164 350 16 351 17 2,000 1,269 114 412 205 . . 1,353 252 251 214 102 105 8 188 233
1071 Manufacture of bread, fresh pastry 2024 4,497 196 1,744 85 1,742 83 154 4 155 5 1,443 945 79 266 153 . . 956 188 200 150 89 52 7 119 151
1072 Manufacture of preserved pastry 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108 Manufacture of other food 2024 32,103 675 20,768 1,270 21,022 1,525 3,207 253 3,185 232 3,230 2,017 223 673 318 . . 3,230 285 309 279 65 338 22 563 1,369
1082 Manufacture of cocoa,confectionary 2024 8,402 128 4,599 135 4,590 126 1,930 137 1,914 122 889 563 63 189 74 . . 757 84 85 80 7 132 6 150 214
109 Manufacture of animal foods 2024 11,563 174 7,830 486 7,886 543 941 66 931 56 755 513 59 101 81 . . 896 192 73 109 59 55 6 218 182
11 Manufacture of beverages 2024 9,119 384 4,907 181 4,920 195 595 69 585 59 942 607 75 163 96 . . 2,228 128 99 99 40 404 6 245 1,207
1105 Manufacture of beer 2024 3,203 225 1,058 57 1,054 53 327 21 324 17 511 339 47 71 54 . . 1,047 65 68 51 9 134 3 201 516
1107 Manufacture of soft drinks 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12 Manufacture of tobacco products 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13 Manufacture of textiles 2024 3,172 104 1,470 209 1,466 205 247 28 293 74 759 535 49 95 80 . . 530 65 81 54 19 62 6 122 122
13-15 Man. of textile-, leatherproducts 2024 4,281 138 2,000 282 1,982 265 341 64 383 106 1,002 710 62 126 105 . . 717 78 118 62 29 115 10 153 152
139 Manufacture of other textiles 2024 2,669 86 1,282 177 1,278 174 215 27 261 73 600 423 37 79 62 . . 437 44 66 42 15 54 4 104 108
14 Manufacture of wearing apparel 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 Manufacture of leather and footwear 2024 500 15 194 27 193 26 60 23 59 22 129 93 7 16 14 . . 87 11 19 6 5 15 2 16 14
16+23 Man of wooden and buildingmaterial 2024 12,751 509 5,469 712 5,458 702 936 202 947 214 2,961 1,861 195 600 306 . . 2,426 458 362 367 162 106 19 373 579
16 Manufacture of wood products 2024 4,670 165 2,211 276 2,233 297 311 56 316 60 1,037 659 59 212 107 . . 699 80 147 109 61 40 8 89 164
161 Sawmilling and planing of wood 2024 562 28 322 56 328 62 29 15 26 12 88 57 4 18 9 . . 83 13 12 15 8 6 1 9 19
162 Manufacture of products of wood 2024 4,108 137 1,889 220 1,904 236 282 40 290 48 949 602 55 194 98 . . 615 67 135 95 53 34 7 80 145
1623 Manufacture other builders' joinery 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17 Manufacture of paper 2024 7,024 318 3,156 246 3,166 256 543 24 541 21 1,590 1,058 112 255 165 . . 1,212 320 161 208 31 54 18 183 237
17-18 Manufacture of paper and printing 2024 9,853 426 4,189 343 4,191 346 622 32 620 30 2,429 1,649 158 358 265 . . 1,784 377 254 305 55 96 28 287 383
171 Manufacture of pulp, paper, -board 2024 1,800 97 791 46 805 59 20 4 20 3 366 247 31 53 36 . . 446 187 39 77 14 13 2 55 61
172 Manufacture of articles of paper 2024 5,224 220 2,365 200 2,361 196 523 20 521 18 1,224 812 81 202 129 . . 766 133 123 131 17 41 17 128 176
1721 Manufacture corrugated paper(board) 2024 2,860 128 1,336 99 1,327 90 104 11 103 10 763 488 43 153 78 . . 477 67 91 99 12 14 3 75 116
18 Printing and reproduction 2024 2,829 109 1,033 97 1,026 90 79 8 79 9 839 591 46 103 100 . . 573 57 93 97 24 42 10 104 146
181 Printing and services for printing 2024 2,788 107 1,025 97 1,018 90 78 8 79 9 827 582 46 102 98 . . 560 56 92 96 23 41 9 101 141
1812 Other printing 2024 2,476 93 918 93 911 86 70 7 71 8 726 509 40 92 86 . . 499 52 82 89 19 37 8 91 120
182 Reproduction of recorded media 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19-22 Refineries and chemistry 2024 138,482 4,317 74,480 5,377 74,417 5,315 22,342 1,038 22,454 1,158 11,430 7,721 913 1,621 1,176 . . 20,405 4,593 1,259 1,745 397 1,015 90 3,378 7,928
19 Manufacture of coke and petroleum 2024 47,856 561 29,161 1,249 29,239 1,327 14,859 242 14,837 220 808 549 65 125 70 . . 2,431 1,121 129 471 42 19 7 167 476
19201 Refining of petroleum 2024 47,243 554 28,712 1,180 28,787 1,255 14,793 234 14,772 213 753 510 61 119 63 . . 2,394 1,118 125 469 34 14 7 161 467
20 Manufacture of chemicals 2024 68,204 2,806 36,486 2,707 36,452 2,673 5,284 477 5,352 554 5,907 4,018 519 769 601 . . 12,694 3,013 676 914 251 721 25 2,294 4,801
20-21 Chemistry and pharmaceuticals 2024 79,916 3,303 40,584 3,431 40,473 3,320 6,649 657 6,769 785 7,982 5,435 686 1,043 817 . . 16,080 3,130 866 1,042 285 868 67 2,898 6,924
201 Manufacture of basic chemicals 2024 43,535 2,312 24,010 1,312 23,920 1,222 3,564 188 3,577 209 3,615 2,464 350 449 352 . . 8,242 2,689 504 704 195 503 16 1,261 2,370
2013 Manuf. other inorganic basic chemic 2024 2,224 189 648 118 664 134 32 0 32 0 307 201 29 47 30 . . 760 321 92 56 3 11 1 110 167
2014 Manufacture organic basic chemicals 2024 18,909 1,187 9,830 282 9,808 260 2,252 99 2,250 106 1,356 975 131 118 132 . . 4,064 1,369 143 355 73 89 4 668 1,363
20141 Manufacture of petrochemicals 2024 15,894 1,020 8,331 154 8,328 152 2,124 27 2,112 23 885 639 85 72 89 . . 3,465 1,243 82 273 66 55 1 546 1,200
20149 Manufacture other organic chemical 2024 3,015 167 1,499 128 1,480 108 128 72 139 83 471 336 46 47 43 . . 599 126 61 82 7 34 3 122 164
2015 Manufacture of fertilisers 2024 3,861 214 2,003 108 1,990 95 678 1 678 1 291 200 21 40 30 . . 567 75 102 32 45 13 1 129 170
2016 Manufacture plastics (primary form) 2024 15,287 532 10,235 485 10,143 392 240 8 245 12 1,258 825 132 182 119 . . 1,982 688 127 97 33 336 6 261 434
203 Manufacture of paints and ink 2024 3,530 77 1,849 188 1,854 193 259 50 259 50 569 378 54 79 58 . . 532 29 45 33 11 61 2 122 230
205 Manufacture of other chemicals 2024 8,255 229 4,912 512 4,907 506 319 38 393 111 1,009 689 80 128 113 . . 1,284 191 75 115 36 123 4 289 452
206 Manufacture of man-made fibres 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals 2024 11,712 497 4,098 724 4,021 647 1,365 180 1,416 231 2,075 1,417 168 275 216 . . 3,386 117 190 129 34 147 42 604 2,124
211 Manufacture of basic pharmaceuticals 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
212 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22 Manufacture rubber, plastic products 2024 10,710 453 4,735 697 4,706 668 834 139 848 153 2,641 1,737 162 452 289 . . 1,893 343 264 232 70 128 15 314 528
221 Manufacture of rubber products 2024 839 41 312 41 313 42 132 22 130 20 231 159 14 34 24 . . 116 26 12 17 7 7 1 23 24
222 Manufacture of plastic products 2024 9,871 412 4,423 656 4,393 626 702 118 718 133 2,409 1,578 148 418 266 . . 1,777 317 252 215 63 121 15 291 504
2221 Manufacture plastic plates, tubes 2024 2,708 101 1,138 163 1,139 165 334 43 337 47 629 415 47 98 70 . . 495 95 55 55 15 29 3 106 137
2229 Manufacture other plastic products 2024 2,322 103 960 207 956 203 117 30 122 35 640 430 30 108 72 . . 464 62 80 56 16 39 6 65 140
23 Manufacture of building materials 2024 8,082 344 3,258 436 3,226 404 624 146 631 154 1,925 1,202 135 388 199 . . 1,727 377 215 258 101 66 12 284 415
231 Manufacture of glass 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
236 Manufacture concrete etc. products 2024 3,991 148 2,009 162 2,001 153 123 51 137 65 871 519 59 209 84 . . 713 88 103 135 71 21 5 144 147
2361 Manufacture of concrete products 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
237 Stone dressing 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24 Manufacture of basic metals 2024 10,042 403 5,183 884 5,067 768 199 59 192 52 1,930 1,262 170 299 199 . . 1,901 381 102 605 55 177 11 292 278
24-25 Man. of basic metals and -products 2024 35,940 1,351 16,348 2,755 16,121 2,528 1,286 286 1,313 313 9,010 5,716 628 1,754 913 . . 5,611 763 772 1,196 312 419 57 790 1,302
24-30, 33 Metalectro 2024 159,832 4,836 75,103 11,837 75,118 11,851 7,839 1,555 7,807 1,523 34,656 22,135 2,505 6,642 3,373 . . 25,775 1,366 2,443 2,493 2,301 2,013 327 7,727 7,105
241 Manufacture of iron and steel 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
244 Manufacture of non-ferrous metals 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
245 Casting of metals 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 Manufacture of metal products 2024 25,898 949 11,164 1,871 11,054 1,761 1,087 227 1,121 261 7,080 4,454 457 1,455 714 . . 3,710 382 670 592 257 242 46 498 1,024
251 Manufacture metal structures, doors 2024 10,169 275 4,591 532 4,563 504 400 68 419 87 2,681 1,626 168 622 264 . . 1,193 71 240 155 120 84 20 164 339
255 Forging, pressing, stamping 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
256 Other treatment of metals, machining 2024 7,103 343 2,606 531 2,574 500 156 31 152 27 2,122 1,330 134 448 210 . . 1,309 169 240 261 72 68 15 142 342
2561 Treatment and coating of metals 2024 2,015 89 754 97 754 97 8 1 10 3 675 408 39 166 62 . . 389 87 65 60 19 20 4 45 90
2562 Machining 2024 5,088 254 1,852 434 1,821 403 148 30 142 24 1,446 923 94 282 147 . . 920 82 175 201 53 48 11 97 252
257 Manufacture of hardware 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
259 Manufacture of other metal products 2024 4,190 141 2,222 370 2,235 383 178 58 182 62 971 644 64 162 101 . . 564 75 87 74 33 38 5 86 166
26 Manufacture of electronic products 2024 17,732 471 8,444 1,263 8,378 1,197 1,248 456 1,170 378 3,325 2,161 270 571 323 . . 3,698 76 144 105 118 186 61 1,354 1,655
26-28 Manufact of electronics, machinery 2024 85,602 2,656 40,474 7,603 40,874 8,003 3,426 804 3,370 748 17,134 11,204 1,315 2,954 1,662 . . 14,547 380 1,015 867 427 1,094 213 6,114 4,437
26-27 Elektrical and electron. Industry 2024 33,708 1,164 17,062 2,367 16,858 2,163 1,699 538 1,605 444 5,751 3,799 462 906 584 . . 7,246 149 293 187 246 722 161 2,184 3,305
261 Manufacture of electronic components 2024 7,410 235 3,992 269 3,948 225 171 3 171 3 1,005 640 85 187 95 . . 1,961 44 41 67 12 88 46 963 701
262 Manufacture of computers 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
263 Manufacture communication equipment 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
264 Manufacture of consumer electronics 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
265 Manufacture of measuring instruments 2024 3,791 91 1,581 526 1,607 552 86 7 97 19 1,228 778 84 243 124 . . 410 17 60 23 26 40 9 127 108
Source: CBS.
Explanation of symbols

Table explanation


This table shows relevant economic data for trade and industry sectors, e.g. the number of persons employed, costs and revenues, turnover and other financial results. The figures can be divided by a number of sectors/ branches according to Statistics Netherlands' Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities 2008 (SIC 2008).

Data available from: 2009.

Status of the figures:
All data in the table are definite.

Changes as of June 12, 2026:

Figures of 2024 have been added.


When will new figures be published?

Results are made available circa 15 months after the year under review. In March/April 2027, new figures will be published for 2025.


Description topics

Operating costs
The costs made to achieve the operating profits, that is the purchase value of the turnover, labour costs, and depreciation on assets, and other business expenditure.

Since 2007, wage (cost) subsidies are no longer included in net
operating returns. Therefore, wage (cost) subsidies are deducted from operating costs.
Total
Purchase value of sales
The costs of raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, packaging materials, trading goods, wages for work hired for the production of the goods and services used in the production within the reporting years.
Costs of raw and auxiliary materials
The costs are the total of the value of the initial stock plus the costs
of the purchased materials minus the value of the closing stock

Including import duties, costs of transport, import levies European Union,
transport insurance and temporary storage.
Total
Initial stock of raw and auxiliary mater
Initial stock of raw and auxiliary materials and packing material.

The value on the balance sheet of raw and auxiliary materials (including purchased semi-finished products), packing material at the start of the period under review.
Purchased raw and auxiliary materials
The value of purchased raw and auxiliary materials (including purchased semi-finished products) and packing material for single use in the production process.

Includes import duties, costs of transport, import
levies European Union, transport insurance and temporary storage.
Excludes discounts, bonuses, goods returned, returned packing, VAT and received repayments of import duties, excises and levies.
Closing stock raw and auxiliary mat.
Closing stock of raw and auxiliary materials and packing material.

The value on the balance sheet of raw and auxiliary materials (including purchased semi-finished products), packing material at the end of the period under review.
Costs of commodities
Costs of commodities sold in the year under review.

Commodities purchased for the purpose of resale without any
further processing,including import duties, costs of transport, import
levies European Union, transport insurance and temporary storage
The costs are the total of the value of the initial stock plus the costs
of the purchased commodities minus the value of the closing stock
Total
Initial stock of commodities
The value on the balance sheet of commodities at the start of the period under review.
Purchased commodities
Goods acquired for the purpose of reselling them without further
processing. Includes costs of single use packing material, import duties, costs of temporary storage.
Excludes discounts, bonuses, goods returned, returned packing and received repayments of import duties, excises and levies.
Closing stock of commodities
The value on the balance sheet of commodities at the end of the period under review.
Personnel costs
This category comprises expenses like
- gross wages and salaries of employees, including social
security and pension scheme contributions
- payments for temporary workers and hired personnel
- costs of schooling and training
- recruitment and selection costs
- canteen costs
- costs for health and safety provisions
- working clothes
- anniversary celebrations, etc.
Total
Gross wages and salaries
The category gross wages and salaries refers to employees on the payroll
and includes
- wages including employees' contributions to social insurances minus sick pay;
- bonuses, holiday allowances, thirteenth month payments and dismissal payments
- allowances for commuter traffic
- contributions to savings schemes
Insurance premiums and other costs
Employers' social contributions: The premiums paid by employers to social security on the gross wages.
These include imputed and actual social premiums and actual pension premiums, and payments made directly by the employer.



other social insurance costs:

- contributions to health insurance;

- costs of staff relocation and housing;

- costs of child care, etc.
Total
Employer-paid social insurance premiums
The part of social insurance premiums paid by employers.

From 2021 onwards this subject is only available as part of the 'Insurance premiums and other costs
Other social insurance costs
This category includes:

- contributions to health insurance;

- costs of staff relocation and housing;

- costs of child care, etc.



From 2021 onwards this subject is only available as part of the 'Insurance premiums and other costs
Pension and early retirement premiums
Contributions paid by employers to pension and early retirement schemes, savings for retirement provisions, etc.
Other personnel costs
Other personnel costs
This category includes:
- payments for temporary workers and staff on secondment;
- costs of schooling and training;
- recruitment and selection costs;
- canteen costs;
- costs for health and safety provisions;
- costs for work clothes;
- anniversary celebrations, etc.
Other operating costs
The sum of the energy costs, transport costs, housing costs, costs of machinery, inventory, installations etc, other personnel costs, sales costs, communication costs, service costs and other costs not specified elsewhere.
Total
Costs of energy use
The costs of fuels used to power an energy source, for light and/or heat.
Not included are the costs of fuels used by means of transport or that are
used as raw materials, and also the costs for the use of water and the
costs for technical or compound gasses.
Housing costs
Including rent, lease and repair and maintenance of housing and premises,
cleaning services and insurance premiums water consumption, furniture, etc
Equipment and inventory costs
Rent and lease of machinery, equipment and computers (excluding software)
and (office) furniture and equipment.
Transport costs
Costs related to means of transport, including
- rental costs and lease costs
- repair and maintenance
- costs of insurances and road tax
- fuel costs.
Sales costs
Costs of sales and promotion, including advertising, commercial fairs,
representation, goodwill, travel and hotel costs and costs of research and
development by third parties.

Since 2006 costs of research and development by third parties are
included in the group 'Costs of other services'.
Communication costs
Walkie-talkies, (mobile) phones, fax machines, Internet, e-mail, messenger
services, etc.
Costs of other services
Costs of services provided by others not classified elsewhere.

These costs include:
- banking costs (excluding interest costs and currency losses)
- insurance premiums paid to third parties (not classified elsewhere)
- research and development costs by third parties, - -
- accountancy, legal aid and assistance, etc.
- ICT services provided by third parties, including hardware and software
- separately paid transport costs
- costs of waste disposal and waste processing
Since 2006 costs of research and development by third parties are
included in this group.
Other liabilities
This category includes costs and payments for activities like licenses,
copyright, royalties, lease and rent of software, overhead costs and
taxes, office supplies, etc.
Depreciation fixed assets
Depreciation of durable means of production, e.g. machinery buildings,
transport equipment, computers and software due to normal usage and
economic obsolescence. Depreciation of intangible assets, e.g. costs of
research and development, acquisition of intellectual rights and goodwill.