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In 2023, close to 90 thousand people worked in the Netherlands while living across the border: 44 thousand people in Belgium and 45 thousand in Germany

Relationship between the Netherlands and Belgium: economy, innovation, digitalisation, sustainability, trade, export earnings, labour market and cross-border commuters .

Both the Netherlands and Belgium are major exporters of beer, frozen potato products (particularly potato fries) and chocolate

In the 2023/24 academic year, nearly 22 thousand German students were attending university or higher professional education (HBO) programmes in the Netherlands.

The import value of goods from the United States was more than 12 percent higher in 2023 than it was in 2022.

The third-largest number of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in 2023 came from China, after Germany and Belgium.

The Netherlands is the second-largest importer and exporter of goods in the European Union, after Germany.

Electricity, production by energy source, import, export and consumption

Indigenous production, imports, exports, stock change and consumption Indigenous production, imports, exports, stock change and consumption

Data on flight movements, passengers, cargo and mail at Dutch airports

Indigenous production, imports, exports, stock change and consumption

In the first half of 2025, more goods were traded internationally than in the first half of 2024.

Government consumption was the main source of economic growth in 2024.

In the first three quarters of 2024, Dutch companies exported goods with a value of 28.2 billion euros to the United States

The Netherlands exported live animals with a total value of 2.3 billion euros in 2024

A total of 37.8 million tonnes of goods were transported by rail in the Netherlands in 2024.

Electricity production from renewable sources such as sun, wind and biomass rose by 10 percent to 61 billion kWh in 2024.

If the European Commission follows through on the import tariffs that it has announced on US goods, they could affect around 30 percent of goods (by value) imported into the Netherlands from the US

In the first three quarters of 2024, the export value of steel to the US was higher than the previous year.

A total of 3.3 billion euros in wages went from the Netherlands to other countries in the second quarter of 2024, a rise of 73 percent since the same period in 2014.

The Netherlands produced 64 billion kWh of electricity in the first half of 2025.

Annual rate of change The Netherlands, Euro area and European Union according to the harmonised consumer price index 2015 = 100

The Dutch economy was 21.2 percent larger in 2024 than it was in 2014, after adjusting for price changes

The population of the Netherlands grew by 77.5 thousand in the first three quarters of 2025

In 2023, international lorries carried a total weight of 103 million tonnes of goods to and from the Netherlands.