Greenhouse gas emissions in 2018 amounted to 189.3 billion CO2 equivalents. This is 0.2 billion kilogram CO2 lower than what was published in the Monitor of Well-being in May 2019. Definitive figures for the series 1990-2018 will be published in the spring of 2020. Greenhouse gas emissions have been calculated in accordance with guidelines under the Kyoto Protocol as introduced by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). This does not include GHG emissions by international air freight and maritime transport, as well as from biomass.
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