Use of biological control agents in greenhouse horticulture
| Biological, control | Crops | Periods | Biological control Area size with deployment of macrobials Area size with deployment of macrobials (ha) | Biological control Area size with deployment of macrobials Area size with deployment of macrobials (%) | Deployed macrobiological control agents (1000 pieces) | Deployed biological control agents per Crop area (1000 pieces/ha) | Deployed biological control agents per Area with biological control agents (1000 pieces/ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total biological, control agents | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 6,356 | 94.4 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 493 | 97.8 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 372 | 80.8 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 415 | 93.2 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 160 | 97.5 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Cucumbers | 2020 | 594 | 100.0 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 1,532 | 100.0 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 714 | 74.5 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Roses under glass | 2020 | 204 | 100.0 | . | . | . |
| Total biological, control agents | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 1,872 | 100.0 | . | . | . |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 4,668 | 69.3 | 52,344,193 | 7,772 | 11,213 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 493 | 97.7 | 3,614,875 | 7,169 | 7,335 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 309 | 67.2 | 4,558,508 | 9,914 | 14,762 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 415 | 93.2 | 22,365,278 | 50,241 | 53,932 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 160 | 97.5 | 1,958,927 | 11,920 | 12,221 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Cucumbers | 2020 | 592 | 99.5 | 4,230,455 | 7,113 | 7,151 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 1,525 | 99.5 | 2,381,047 | 1,554 | 1,561 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 641 | 66.9 | 8,489,278 | 8,859 | 13,236 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Roses under glass | 2020 | 204 | 100.0 | 4,711,647 | 23,066 | 23,066 |
| A Predatory mite and trips total | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 329 | 17.6 | 34,178 | 18 | 104 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 470 | 7.0 | 281,417 | 42 | 599 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 269 | 53.4 | 87,179 | 173 | 324 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 4 | 0.8 | 2,861 | 6 | 765 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 13 | 7.8 | 8,823 | 54 | 686 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Cucumbers | 2020 | 28 | 4.7 | 185 | 0 | 7 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 43 | 2.8 | 2,458 | 2 | 58 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 15 | 1.6 | 705 | 1 | 47 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Roses under glass | 2020 | 98 | 48.2 | 179,205 | 877 | 1,821 |
| A01 Amblydromalus limonicus | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 205 | 3.0 | 3,940 | 1 | 19 |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 6 | 1.2 | 602 | 1 | 96 |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 2 | 0.5 | 1,365 | 3 | 641 |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Cucumbers | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 186 | 12.2 | 1,678 | 1 | 9 |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 10 | 1.1 | 295 | 0 | 28 |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Roses under glass | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A02 Amblyseius degenerans | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 1,484 | 22.0 | 4,239,221 | 629 | 2,857 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 57 | 11.2 | 56,236 | 112 | 995 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 140 | 30.4 | 680,222 | 1,479 | 4,866 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 4 | 0.9 | 259,682 | 583 | 62,500 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 110 | 66.9 | 206,624 | 1,257 | 1,879 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Cucumbers | 2020 | 517 | 86.9 | 1,521,126 | 2,558 | 2,945 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 365 | 23.8 | 247,226 | 161 | 678 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 233 | 24.4 | 740,235 | 772 | 3,172 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Roses under glass | 2020 | 59 | 28.7 | 527,869 | 2,584 | 8,996 |
| A03 Amblyseius swirskii | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 267 | 4.0 | 1,393,933 | 207 | 5,226 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 28 | 5.5 | 15,178 | 30 | 547 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 70 | 15.3 | 374,210 | 814 | 5,321 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 5 | 1.1 | 329,390 | 740 | 65,714 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 3 | 1.6 | 4,042 | 25 | 1,500 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Cucumbers | 2020 | 5 | 0.8 | 1,294 | 2 | 263 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Peppers (total) | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 135 | 14.1 | 651,135 | 680 | 4,813 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Roses under glass | 2020 | 1 | 0.4 | 2,924 | 14 | 3,750 |
| A04 Macrocheles robustulus | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 20 | 1.1 | 15,761 | 8 | 789 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 1,288 | 19.1 | 1,028,487 | 153 | 799 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 372 | 73.8 | 336,037 | 666 | 903 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 84 | 18.2 | 48,295 | 105 | 576 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 0 | 0.1 | 175 | 0 | 735 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Cucumbers | 2020 | 389 | 65.4 | 592,016 | 995 | 1,522 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 294 | 19.2 | 6,143 | 4 | 21 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 95 | 9.9 | 18,543 | 19 | 195 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Roses under glass | 2020 | 53 | 25.8 | 27,278 | 134 | 518 |
| A05 Neioseiulus californicus | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 1,674 | 24.9 | 8,364,729 | 1,242 | 4,997 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 452 | 89.6 | 2,950,392 | 5,851 | 6,533 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 77 | 16.7 | 464,545 | 1,010 | 6,043 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 71 | 15.9 | 378,603 | 850 | 5,340 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 143 | 86.8 | 864,160 | 5,258 | 6,055 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Cucumbers | 2020 | 158 | 26.6 | 466,428 | 784 | 2,944 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 535 | 34.9 | 875,935 | 572 | 1,638 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 77 | 8.1 | 598,336 | 624 | 7,738 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Roses under glass | 2020 | 161 | 79.0 | 1,766,330 | 8,647 | 10,940 |
| A06 Neioseiulus cucumeris | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 3,495 | 51.9 | 635,591 | 94 | 182 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 243 | 48.1 | 45,140 | 90 | 186 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 173 | 37.7 | 44,065 | 96 | 254 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | 403 | 90.5 | 155,817 | 350 | 387 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 63 | 38.3 | 3,513 | 21 | 56 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Cucumbers | 2020 | 508 | 85.4 | 108,103 | 182 | 213 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 1,423 | 92.9 | 183,766 | 120 | 129 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 185 | 19.3 | 41,444 | 43 | 224 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Roses under glass | 2020 | 168 | 82.3 | 35,326 | 173 | 210 |
| A07 Phytoseiulus persimilis | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 329 | 17.6 | 18,417 | 10 | 56 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Total crops/cultivation sectors | 2020 | 629 | 9.3 | 2,145,161 | 319 | 3,410 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Strawberries, under glass | 2020 | 3 | 0.6 | 201 | 0 | 63 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Foliage plants under glass | 2020 | 145 | 31.6 | 220,735 | 480 | 1,518 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Chrysantinum under glass | 2020 | . | . | . | . | . |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Gerberas under glass | 2020 | 33 | 20.1 | 21,980 | 134 | 665 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Cucumbers | 2020 | 4 | 0.7 | 17,519 | 29 | 4,009 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Peppers (total) | 2020 | 49 | 3.2 | 13,462 | 9 | 274 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Pot plants for flowering | 2020 | 349 | 36.4 | 1,863,768 | 1,945 | 5,342 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Roses under glass | 2020 | 45 | 22.1 | 7,496 | 37 | 166 |
| A08 Stratiolaelaps scimitus | Tomatoes (total) | 2020 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | . |
| Source: CBS. | |||||||
Table explanation
This table contains data on the use of biological control agents in horticultural crops under cover. Except about the number of companies which apply biological control agents and the corresponding area, the table gives information about the number of macrobial organisms, as a total and per group of organisms and per ha. A selection can be made by crop.
Microbial pesticides (like bacteria, fungi) are not is this table because they are plant protection products.
Data available from: 2012
Status of the figures:
The figures of 2012, 2016 en 2020 are definitive.
Changes as of 10 January 2023:
For the subject use of biological control agents the datatype is adapted, because this gave undesirable round numbers. The structure of the table is not changed.
Changes as of 28 December 2022:
Provisional figures 2020 are replaced by definitive figures.
Changes as of 19 July 2022:
None, this is a new table. This table is the processor of the table Biological control in horticulture under cover 2012-2016, see paragraph 3.
When will new figures be published?
New figures over 2024 will become available in December 2025.
Description topics
- Biological control
- Biological control implies the deployment of purchased biological control agents for prevention and control of plagues. A biological control agent is a natural enemy of a plague. The agent is an invertebrate macrobial
- Area size with deployment of macrobials
- Size of area with deployment of macrobiological control agents.
- Area size with deployment of macrobials
- Size of area with deployment of macrobiological control agents.
- Area size with deployment of macrobials
- Size of area with deployment of macrobiological control agents, as percentage of the size area of the crop. In case of 100% each hectare of the crop is treated with at least one macrobial.
- Deployed macrobiological control agents
- The number of deployed macrobiological control agents against plagues. Numbers of macrobials from bankerplants are not included. Numbers of macrobials from sachets with guaranteed outflow are included. Nutrition for predators is not included. Notice that the number of nematodes is very large and therefore a total is only provided for the level of biological groups or macrobial organism.
- Deployed biological control agents per
- Numbers of deployed, purchased, macrobial control agents against plagues. Per hectare. Growth of the population during crop growth is neglected.
- Crop area
- Numbers of deployed, purchased, macrobial control agents against plagues. Per hectare of a crop. This number depends also on the number of cultivations of the crop.
- Area with biological control agents
- Numbers of deployed, purchased, macrobial control agents against plagues. Per hectare of a crop with deployment of at least one macrobial. This number depends also on the number of cultivations of the crop.