Cao wages, contractual wage costs and working hours;(2010=100), 1972-2023

Cao wages, contractual wage costs and working hours;(2010=100), 1972-2023

Cao sectors Sector/branches (SIC 2008) Version Periods Year-on-year change Monthly cao wages excl. special payments (%) Year-on-year change Monthly cao wages incl. special payments (%) Year-on-year change Hourly cao wages excl. special payments (%) Year-on-year change Hourly cao wages incl. special payments (%) Year-on-year change Monthly contractual wage costs (%) Year-on-year change Hourly contractual wage costs (%) Year-on-year change Contractual working hours (%)
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1972 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1973 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1974 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1975 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1976 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1977 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1978 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1979 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1980 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1981 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1982 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1983 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1984 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1985 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1986 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1987 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1988 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1989 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1990 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1991 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1992 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1993 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1994 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1995 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1996 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1997 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1998 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 1999 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2000 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2001 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2002 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2003 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2004 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2005 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2006 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2007 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2008 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2009 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2010 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2011 year 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.4 0.3
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2012 year 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.6 2.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2013 year 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2014 year 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 2.3 2.2 0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2015 year 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2016 year 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2017 year 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 -0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2018 year 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.8 2.9 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2019 year 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2020 year 3.4 3.7 3.4 3.6 4.2 4.0 0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy Current figures 2021 year 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1972 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1973 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1974 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1975 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1976 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1977 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1978 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1979 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1980 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1981 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1982 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1983 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1984 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1985 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1986 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1987 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1988 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1989 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1990 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1991 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1992 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1993 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1994 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1995 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1996 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1997 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1998 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 1999 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2000 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2001 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2002 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2003 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2004 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2005 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2006 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2007 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2008 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2009 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2010 year . . . . . . .
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2011 year 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.4 0.3
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2012 year 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.6 2.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2013 year 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2014 year 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.6 2.6 2.6 0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2015 year 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2016 year 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2017 year 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 -0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2018 year 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.9 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2019 year 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.7 0.0
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2020 year 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.7 4.4 4.3 0.1
Total Collective labour agreement sector B-E Industry (no construction), energy First-published figures 2021 year 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.0 0.0
Source: CBS.
Explanation of symbols

Dataset is not available.


This table contains index figures of the quantification of the development of the contractual wage, labour costs and working hours of employees in the Netherlands. The table contains index figures on a number of elements contained in the collective labour agreements (in Dutch: cao), namely wages per month and per hour including and excluding special payments, contractual wage costs (per month and per hour) and contractual working hours. In addition, it presents developments calculated on the basis of these indices and the percentage of collective labour agreements completed.

Data available from: 1972, for the annual figures (up to and including 2009 to a limited extent) and from 2010, for the monthly figures and quarterly figures.

Status of the figures:
All the figures from 1972 to 2022 are definitive.
The figures for 2023 are provisional. Because this table is discontinued, figures will not be updated anymore.

Changes as of 7 December 2023:
None, this table is discontinued.

When will new figures be published?
Not applicable anymore.

This table is replaced by Cao wages, contractual wage costs and working hours; index (2020=100) See paragraph 3.

Description topics

Year-on-year change
Year-on-year change
These percentage changes are always related to the current figures and are compared to same period in the previous year. This is also the case for the year-on-year change of the initial figures.
Monthly cao wages excl. special payments
Monthly cao wages exclusive special payments
These are the cao wages excluding special payments.
Cao wages include:
- gross wage for normal working hours of full-time employees.
- all required mandatory (compulsory), regularly paid allowances.
Special payments include:
all binding (compulsory) prescribed special (non-monthly) payments belonging to the gross income, such as holiday allowance, Christmas bonus, one-time payments and the compensation for public health costs and the employers' contribution for the life course savings scheme.
Conditional bonuses, e.g. bonuses based on the employee's age, bonuses for shift work and individual wage increases are not included in cao wages and special payments.
Monthly cao wages incl. special payments
Monthly cao wages including special payments
These are the cao wages including special payments.
Cao wages include:
- gross wage for normal working hours of full-time employees.
- all required mandatory (compulsory), regularly paid allowances.
Special payments include:
all binding (compulsory) prescribed special (non-monthly) payments belonging to the gross income, such as holiday allowance, Christmas bonus, one-time payments and the compensation for public health costs and the employers' contribution for the life course savings scheme.
Conditional bonuses, e.g. bonuses based on the employee's age, bonuses for shift work and individual wage increases are not included in cao wages and special payments.
Hourly cao wages excl. special payments
Hourly cao wages exclusive special payments
These are the cao wages excluding special payments and including the development of yearly working hours.
Cao wages include:
- gross wage for normal working hours of full-time employees.
- all required mandatory (compulsory), regularly paid allowances.
Special payments include:
all binding (compulsory) prescribed special (non-monthly) payments belonging to the gross income, such as holiday allowance, Christmas bonus, one-time payments and the compensation for public health costs and the employers' contribution for the life course savings scheme.
Conditional bonuses, e.g. bonuses based on the employee's age, bonuses for shift work and individual wage increases are not included in cao wages and special payments.
Hourly cao wages incl. special payments
Hourly cao wages including special payments
These are the cao wages including special payments and the development of yearly working hours.
Cao wages include:
- gross wage for normal working hours of full-time employees.
- all required mandatory (compulsory), regularly paid allowances.
Special payments include:
all binding (compulsory) prescribed special (non-monthly) payments belonging to the gross income, such as holiday allowance, Christmas bonus, one-time payments the compensation for public health costs and the employers' contribution for the life course savings scheme.
Conditional bonuses, e.g. bonuses based on the employee's age, bonuses for shift work and individual wage increases are not included in cao wages and special payments.
Monthly contractual wage costs
Monthly contractual wage costs
The index of monthly contractual wage costs indicates the development of labour costs for employers. This includes the cao wage including special payments plus statutory and contractual employer contributions to pension, early retirement, unemployment, sickness, disability and social funds. Both changes in the collective labour wage and changes in employers' contributions are reflected in the contractual wage costs figures.
Hourly contractual wage costs
Hourly contractual wage costs
The index of hourly contractual wage costs indicates the development of labour costs for employers in which the development of contractual working hours has been taken into account. This includes the cao wage including special payments plus statutory and contractual employer contributions to pension, early retirement, unemployment, sickness, disability and social funds. Both changes in the collective labour wage and changes in employers' contributions are reflected in the contractual wage costs figures.
Contractual working hours
The contractual working hours are the agreed annual working hours of full-time employees.