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Bos, Frits (1989).In this paper, concepts of income are explicitly linked to the purposes of use and to actual circumstances. Main choices in defining income are presented in a general system. The National Accounts is a multi-purpose framework. It should therefore contain several concepts of income, e.g. differing with respect to the production boundary. Furthermore, concepts of national income do not necessarily constitute an aggregation of income at a micro-level.
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Gorter, Cor N. and Paul van der Laan (1989).A discussion of the core and various types of modules in an overall system of economy related statistics. Special attention is paid to the Dutch Socio-economic Accounts. Tables and figures for the Netherlands are added.
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Ouddeken, Frank and Gerrit Zijlmans (1989).This paper discusses the feasibility of the use of tendency survey data in the compilation of very timely Quarterly Accounts. Some preliminary estimates of relations between tendency survey data and regular Quarterly Accounts-indicators are also presented.
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Bloem, Adriaan M. and Bas De Vet (1989).In this paper, the conceptual and statistical problems involved in the regionalization of national accounting variables are discussed. Examples are the regionalization of Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Income, Disposable National Income and Total Income of the Population.
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Bloem, Adriaan M. (1989).Units in legal-administrative reality are often not suitable as statistical units in describing economic processes. Some transformation of legal-administrative units into economic statistical units is needed. This paper examines this transformation and furnishes definitions of economic statistical units. Proper definitions are especially important because of the forthcoming revision of the SNA.
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Van den Bos, C. (1988).A background paper on the conceptual side of the grouping of financing units. A limited number of criteria are formulated to form a basis for the classification of these units. The system is constructed in such a way that the sector classification of the SNA and the ESA can be derived from it.
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Bos, Frits (1988).The registration of external trade transactions in the main tables of the National Accounts should be based on invoice value; this is not only conceptually very attractive, but also suitable for data collection purposes.
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Gorter, Cor N. (1988).Starting out from a definition of 'actual' transactions an inventory of all imputations and reroutings in the SNA is made. It is discussed which of those should be retained in the core of a flexible system of National Accounts. Conceptual and practical questions of presentation are brought up. Numerical examples are given.
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Janssen, R.J.A. and S.B. Algera (1988).In this paper a description is given of the Dutch system of quarterly national accounts. The backbone of the method is the compilation of a quarterly input-output table by integrating short-term economic statistics.
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Harthoorn, R. and J. van Dalen (1987).An efficient variant of the Lagrange method is given, which uses no more computer time and central memory then the widely used RAS method. Also some special cases are discussed: the adjustment of row sums and column sums, additional restraints, mutual connections between tables and three dimensional tables.
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Van der Laan, P. (1987).This paper provides a concise description of the way in which household sector accounts are compiled within the Netherlands National Accounts. Special attention is paid to differences with the recommendations in the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA).
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Harthoorn, R. (1987).The results of input-output analysis are invariant for a transformation of the system of units. Such transformation can be used to derive the Leontief price model, for forecasting input-output tables and for the calculation of cumulative factor costs. Finally the series expansion of the Leontief inverse is used to describe how certain economic processes are spread out over time.
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Bloem, A.M. (1987).This paper describes the way the link between the statistics on government finance and national accounts is provided for in the Dutch government finance statistics.
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Van Bochove, C.A. (1987).The new system of national accounts will be a fully integrated meso-system: not only will each process be described at the meso-level, but the linkages between the processes will also be shown at the meso-level. A central role is played by the three-dimensional generation of value added matrix.
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Van Bochove, C.A. and W. van Sorge (1987).The issue of the proper way to account for the consequences of crisis and disaster is best brought into focus by studying a practical case. In this paper the damage caused by the Second World War in the Netherlands is used as an example. Constant wealth national income is introduced as an alternative income concept.
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Den Bakker, G.P., T.A. Huitker and C.A. van Bochove (1987).A set of macro-economic time series for the Netherlands 1921-1939 is presented. The new series differ considerably from the data that had been published before. They are also more comprehensive, more detailed, and conceptually consistent with the modern National Accounts. The macro-economic developments that are shown by the new series are discussed. It turns out that the traditional economic-historical view of the Dutch economy has to be reversed.
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C.A. and T.A. Huitker (1987).The main national accounting series for the Netherlands, 1900-1986, are provided, along with a brief explanation of the main problems associated with the compilation of long-term series. It is the purpose of this paper to make the historical series accessible to non-Dutch readers.
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Van Bochove, C.A. (1987).The three modules in this paper constitute a system of Socio-Economic Accounts that provides a complete description of the distribution of income, both primary, secondary, tertiary and informal, as well as a complete description of the distribution of consumption and saving.
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Van Eck, R. and B. Kazemier (1986).This paper presents the results of extensive and rigorous survey research into the black labour market in the Netherlands. It reveals the quantitative relevance of the hidden economy and gives detailed information on its structure.
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Al, P.G. and C.A. van Bochove (1986).This paper presents a proposal for the synoptic structure of the next SNA. This system is easier to explain than 1986 SNA; it provides a complete integration of input-output data and the income distribution data; it is more flexible and greatly facilitates micro-macro linkage.
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De Boer, S. and G.A.A.M. Broesterhuizen (1986).A few years ago the method of compiling input-output tables underwent in the Netherlands an essential revision. The most significant improvement is that during the entire statistical process, from the processing and analysis of the basic data up to and including the phase of balancing the tables, data in current prices and deflated data are obtained simultaneously and in consistency with each other.
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Harthoorn, R. (1986).This paper introduces the notion of production chains as a measure of the hierarchy of industries in the production process. Production chains are sequences of transformation of products by successive industries. It is possible to calculate forward transformations as well as backward ones.
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Harthoorn, R. (1985).Some industries induce production in other industries. An elegant method is developed for calculating forward and backward linkages avoiding double counting. For 1981 these methods have been applied to determine the influence of Dutch agriculture in the Dutch economy in terms of value added and labour force.
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Al, P.G. (1985).Following a conceptual explanation of dual sectoring, an outline is given of a statistical system with complete dual sectoring in which the linkages are also defined and worked out. It is shown that the SNA 1968 is incomplete and obscure with respect to the links between the two sub-processes.
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Van Bochove, C.A. and A.M. Bloem (1985).There are two basic issues with respect to the structure of the next version of the UN System of National Accounts. The first is its 'size': reviewing this issue, it can be concluded that the next SNA should contain an integrated meso-economic statistical system. It is essential that the next SNA contains an institutional system without the imputations and attributions that pollute the present SNA. This can be achieved by distinguishing, in the central system of the next SNA, a core (the institutional system), a standard module for non-market production and a standard module describing attributed income and consumption of the household sector.
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Van Bochove, C.A. (1985).This note provides a brief survey of Dutch national accounting data for 1900-1984, concentrating on national income. It indicates where these data can be found and what the major discontinuities are. The note concludes that estimates of the level of national income may contain inaccuracies; that its growth rate is measured accurately for the period since 1948; and that the real income growth rate series for 1900-1984 may contain a systematic bias.
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Van den Bos, C. (1985).The establishment-enterprise problem is tackled by taking the institutional sectors to which the establishments belong into account during the construction of input-output tables. The extra burden on the construction of input-output tables resulting from this approach is examined for the Dutch situation. An adapted sectoring of institutional units is proposed for the construction of input-output tables.
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Van Bochove, C.A. and H.K. van Tuinen (1985).It is argued that the structure of the SNA should be made more flexible. This can be achieved by means of a system of a general purpose core supplemented with special modules. This core is a fully fledged, detailed system of National Accounts with a greater institutional content than the present SNA and a more elaborate description of the economy at the meso-level. The modules are more analytic and reflect special purposes and specific theoretical views.
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Al, P.G., B.M. Balk, S. de Boer and G.P. den Bakker (1985).This paper is devoted to the problem of deflating National Accounts and input-output tables. This problem is approached from the theoretical as well as from the practical side. Although the theoretical argument favours the use of chained Vartia-I indices, the current practice of compiling National Accounts restricts to using chained Paasche and Laspeyres indices. Various possible objections to the use of chained indices are discussed and rejected.
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Al, P.G. and G.A.A.M. Broesterhuizen (1985).It is argued that the comparability in time of statistics, and input-output tables in particular, can be filled in in various ways. The way in which it is filled depends on the structure and object of the statistics concerned. In this respect it is important to differentiate between coordinated input-output tables, in which groups of units (industries) are divided into rows and columns, and analytical input-output tables, in which the rows and columns refer to homogeneous activities.
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Van Eck, R. (1985).In the process of estimating national product and other variables in the National Accounts a number of methods is used to obtain initial estimates for each economic activity. These methods are described and for each method various possibilities for distortion are considered.
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Broesterhuizen, G.A.A.M. (1983).This paper studies the influence of fraud on macro-economic statistics, especially GDP. The term "fraud" is used as meaning unreporting or underreporting income (e.g. to the tax authorities). The conclusion of the analysis of growth figures is that a bias in the growth of GDP of more than 0.5% is very unlikely.
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Van Eck, R., C.N. Gorter and H.K. van Tuinen (1983).This paper sets out some of the main ideas of what gradually developed into the Dutch view on the fourth revision of the SNA. In particular it focuses on the validity and even desirability of the inclusion of a number of carefully chosen alternative definitions in the "Blue Book", and the organisation of a flexible system starting from a core that is easier to understand than the 1968 SNA.